大跨度钢管桁架预应力混凝土预制底板力学性能研究
Research on Mechanical Performance of Prestressed Concrete Prefabricated Bottom Plate of Long-Span Steel Pipe Truss
随着建筑跨度的增加,传统预制混凝土底板已不能适用,为此,提出一种大跨度钢管桁架预应力混凝土预制底板。首先对3块不同宽度的跨度为8 400 mm的大跨度钢管桁架预应力混凝土预制底板开展静力试验,得到预制底板的开裂和变形特征、荷载-挠度曲线、混凝土应变、钢管及腹杆应变。在试验基础上,采用数值模拟,研究不同参数对预制底板力学性能的影响。试验结果表明:裂缝首先出现在板顶支撑上方处,然后各跨板底跨中开裂;不同宽度预制底板破坏形态形似,增加板宽则预制底板开裂荷载降低,4 200 mm板宽试件相较于2 100 mm板宽试件开裂荷载降低了20.61%;支撑设置会改变预制底板的力学性能,有效限制试件的整体变形;支撑数量、钢管直径、桁架间距对预制底板承载力影响较大,桁架高度对预制底板承载力影响较小。
With the increasing span of building structures, traditional precast concrete floor slabs are no longer suitable. Therefore, a new type of prestressed concrete prefabricated bottom plate integrated with a long-span steel pipe truss is proposed. In this study, static load tests were carried out on three large-span prestressed concrete prefabricated floor slabs with steel pipe trusses of different widths (each spanning 8,400 mm). The cracking patterns, deformation behavior, load-deflection curves, concrete strain, as well as strains in the steel tubes and web members were obtained. Based on the experimental results, the influence of various parameters on the mechanical properties of the prefabricated bottom plate was further investigated through numerical simulation. The test results indicate that cracks initially occur above the top support of the slab and subsequently develop at the bottom mid-span of each span. The cracking load of the prefabricated bottom plate decreases as the plate width increases. Specifically, the cracking load of the specimen with a plate width of 4,200 mm decreases by 20.61% compared to that of the 2,100 mm-wide specimen. The arrangement of supports alters the mechanical performance of the prefabricated bottom plate and effectively restrains the overall deformation of the specimen. Moreover, the number of supports, the diameter of the steel pipe, and the truss span are found to have a significant influence on the bearing capacity of the prefabricated bottom plate, while the truss height has a relatively minor effect.
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