隧道施工扰动下含空洞地层地表沉降规律分析
Analysis of Ground Surface Settlement Patterns in Cavity-Containing Strata Under Tunnel Construction Disturbance
为研究隧道施工扰动下含单空洞和多空洞地层时,不同空洞类型对地表沉降的影响规律,以南昌地铁三号线某区间工程为研究对象,基于ABAQUS软件,通过“杀死”空洞位置处的网格单元模拟空洞,建立考虑空洞缺陷的三维数值计算模型。计算结果表明:空洞改变了地层的变形分布规律,地表沉降槽曲线随着空洞位置的偏移而发生相应的变化。存在单空洞情况下,地表沉降增幅受洞隧净距、空洞尺寸和位置影响较大,当空洞直径大于2 m,洞隧净距小于3 m时,地表沉降最大值分别增大1.3倍和1.5倍;当空洞位于隧道拱底和拱腰外侧时,地表沉降最大值分别增大0.63倍和1.42倍,而空洞形态对地表沉降的影响差别不大,地表沉降最大值增幅范围在0.55~0.95倍。存在多空洞情况下,双空洞和三空洞地层地表沉降增幅较大,影响范围更广,主要集中在距隧道中心轴5~15 m范围内。研究结果可为含空洞复杂地层隧道开挖提供一定参考。
To investigate the influence of various types of cavities—including single and multiple cavities in strata—on ground surface settlement induced by tunnel construction, a specific section of Nanchang Metro Line 3 was selected as the research object. Using ABAQUS software, a three-dimensional numerical model incorporating cavity defects was established by simulating cavities through the “element kill” technique at corresponding positions. The simulation results indicate that the presence of cavities alters the deformation pattern of the stratum, leading to corresponding shifts in the ground surface settlement trough as the cavity location changes. In the case of a single cavity, the increase in ground surface settlement is significantly influenced by the net distance between the cavity and the tunnel, as well as the size and position of the cavity. When the cavity diameter exceeds 2 m or the net distance is less than 3 m, the maximum ground surface settlement increases by approximately 1.3 and 1.5 times, respectively. If the cavity is situated outside the tunnel arch bottom or arch shoulder, the maximum settlement rises by 0.63 and 1.42 times, respectively. The shape of the cavity has a relatively minor effect on settlement, with the maximum increase ranging between 0.55 and 0.95 times. For multiple cavities, ground surface settlement increases notably in strata with double or triple cavities, and the influence zone broadens, mainly extending from 5 m to 15 m from the tunnel centerline. These findings provide a useful reference for tunneling in complex cavity-containing strata.
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南昌轨道交通集团有限公司科技研究开发计划项目(HX2021-413)
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