重载混煤仓纠偏工程中静压桩托换加固地基变形监测
钱思众 , 高志刚 , 张锐峰 , 黑榆浩 , 张程华 , 秦卿
结构工程师 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (06) : 204 -215.
重载混煤仓纠偏工程中静压桩托换加固地基变形监测
Monitoring of Foundation Deformation by Static Pile Underpinning in the Rectification Project of a Heavy-Duty Coal Mixing Silo
由于现有煤仓大多采用联仓结构,实际生产过程中各仓体储煤量不均会导致下部地基长期承受偏心储煤荷载,进而产生不均匀沉降,严重影响上部结构的整体稳定性。本文基于重载混煤仓纠偏工程加固方案,着重分析了各施工阶段静压桩荷载分布以及地基沉降变形特征,在施工过程中对静压桩荷载以及地基沉降变形进行监测,结果表明:①地基最大沉降区域存在应力集中,止沉阶段该区域静压桩需要更大的承载力,纠偏阶段随着地基逐渐回倾,各区域静压桩承受荷载逐渐趋于均匀;②随储煤量变化,混煤仓地基变形曲线呈波浪形,储煤量增加,地基发生沉降,储煤量减少,地基沉降开始恢复,长期作用下地基会发生不可恢复变形;③开挖导坑时应注意原本承载现状更好的地基区域会由于应力释放过快发生更多的沉降;④静压桩成桩后,可快速进入承载状态,桩体荷载随储煤量变化明显,地基变形曲线波动范围大幅减小。本次工程实践证明静压桩托换技术非常适用于重载混煤仓地基加固工程,其能够迅速发挥承载作用,快速补足地基承载力,满足控制沉降的设计要求。
As most existing coal silos adopt a joint-silo structure, the uneven distribution of coal stored in the silo during actual operation causes the foundation to withstand eccentric loading for extended periods. This leads to uneven settlement, which severely affects the overall stability of the superstructure. Based on the reinforcement scheme for the rectification project of a heavy-duty coal mixing silo, this paper analyzes the distribution of static pile loads and the characteristics of foundation settlement and deformation at various construction stages, and monitors the static pile loads and foundation settlement during the construction process. The results indicate that: (1)Stress concentration occurs in the region of maximum foundation settlement, where the static piles require greater bearing capacity during the stop-sinking phase. As the foundation gradually returns to a level position during the corrective stage, the loads on the static piles in different areas tend to become uniform; (2) The deformation curve of the coal mixing silo foundation exhibits a wave-like pattern with changes in coal storage volume: settlement increases with rising coal storage and recovers as coal storage decreases, but irreversible deformation occurs under long-term cyclic loading; (3) When excavating guide pits, care should be taken to avoid excessive stress relief in foundation areas with originally good bearing conditions, which may lead to additional settlement; (4) After the static piles are installed, they quickly assume load-bearing function. The pile load varies noticeably with changes in coal storage volume, and the fluctuation range of the foundation deformation curve is significantly reduced. The practice in this project demonstrates that the static pile replacement technique is well-suited for foundation reinforcement in heavy-duty coal silos. It can promptly provide bearing capacity, rapidly enhance the foundation’s load-bearing capability, and meet the design requirements for settlement control.
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