沉降观测与水准测量相结合的平原地表沉降速率数值模拟
Numerical Simulation of Surface Subsidence Rates in Plains Areas Combining Subsidence Monitoring with Leveling Surveys
基于沉降观测与水准测量的数据,通过数值模拟,计算出平原地表的沉降速率,对于评估地表沉降的严重程度、预测未来沉降趋势具有重要意义。本研究基于研究区域的实际情况,明确数值模拟模型构建的假设条件。通过沉降观测采集数据确定多个地表观测点,结合水准监测布设高程基准点,建立水准控制网,进而获取更为精准的数据。设定平原地表土层参数、地下水参数及建筑物材料参数,精确计算风荷载、使用荷载、地震荷载等多种地表荷载量。明确模型的位移边界和孔隙水压力边界,采用Processing Modflow软件构建平原地表沉降速率数值模型,对模型进行网格划分,设定相应的数值求解参数,进而对模型求解。经实验结果验证,该模型在10 d内的平原地表的水平位移值与实际值偏差最大值仅为0.01 mm;同时,多个测点的地表应力的数值模拟结果与实际应力数值高度接近,说明该平原地表沉降速率数值模拟模型具有良好的数据拟合能力,能够精准捕捉地表沉降及应力变化,为科学有效地监测和预测地面沉降提供了可靠的理论依据,丰富了地质环境监测的技术体系。
Based on settlement monitoring and leveling survey data, numerical simulation is used to calculate the settlement rate of the plain surface, which is essential for evaluating the severity of surface subsidence and predicting future settlement trends. According to the actual conditions of the study area, the assumptions for establishing the numerical simulation model are clearly defined. Multiple surface monitoring points are determined using settlement observation data, and elevation benchmarks are set up through leveling monitoring to establish a leveling control network, thereby obtaining more accurate data. Surface soil layer parameters, groundwater parameters, and building material parameters were configured to accurately calculate various surface loads, including wind loads, live loads, and seismic loads. Displacement boundaries and pore water pressure boundaries were defined for the model. Using Processing Modflow software, a numerical model for the plain surface settlement rate was developed. The model was meshed, corresponding numerical solution parameters were set, and the model was solved. Experimental results show that the horizontal displacement values of the plain surface over a 10-day period deviate from actual values by a maximum of only 0.01 mm. At the same time, the numerical simulation results of surface stress at multiple monitoring points align closely with the actual stress values. This indicates that the numerical simulation model for plain surface settlement rate has excellent data fitting capability, accurately capturing surface settlement and stress variations. This provides a reliable theoretical basis for scientifically effective monitoring and prediction of ground subsidence, thereby enriching the technical framework for geological environment monitoring.
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