海缆敷设张力控制影响因素分析
Analysis of Factors Affecting Tension Control in Submarine Cable Laying
本文推导了承受均匀竖向荷载,考虑弯曲刚度、大变形的索静力平衡方程,以及在小变形条件下的解析解,为实际工程快速估算海缆线形提供理论支撑;分析比较了该解析解、经典悬链线解、大变形考虑弯曲刚度的数值解在不同弯曲刚度、水深条件下对海缆线形的影响。计算了海流方向、海浪方向、海浪周期对海缆触地点最小张力及最小曲率半径的影响。结果表明:在静力荷载下,海缆弯曲刚度由3.2 kN·m²增大至320 kN·m²(对应水深50 m)时,施工中可观测到的入水角减小;而当水深由10 m增加至50 m(弯曲刚度保持3.2 kN·m²)时,入水角增大。因此,张力控制应根据不同的弯曲刚度和水深设定相应的入水角观测值。此外,当海流流向为180°且海浪周期引起船舶共振时,为最不利工况,在四级海况最不利工况下,海缆触地张力显著减小。海缆施工逆流时应降低放缆速度,并应避免在共振海况下作业。
This study derived the static equilibrium equation of submarine cables under uniform vertical load, taking into account bending stiffness and large deformation, along with the analytical solution under small-deformation conditions, thereby providing theoretical support for rapid estimation of cable alignment in practical engineering. The effects of the analytical solution, the classical catenary solution, and the numerical solution incorporating bending stiffness under large deformation on cable configuration were analyzed and compared under varying bending stiffness and water depth conditions. Furthermore, the influences of ocean current direction, wave direction, and wave period on the minimum tension and minimum curvature radius at the cable touchdown point were calculated. The results show that under static loading, as the bending stiffness of the submarine cable increases from 3.2 kN·m² to 320 kN·m² (at a water depth of 50 m), the observed water entry angle during installation decreases. When the water depth increases from 10 m to 50 m (with a bending stiffness of 3.2 kN·m²), the water entry angle increases. Therefore, tension control should be adjusted with corresponding target entry angles depending on bending stiffness and water depth. In addition, the most critical operating condition occurs when the current direction is 180° and the wave period induces ship resonance. Under the most unfavorable sea state conditions (Sea State 4), the touchdown tension of the submarine cable decreases significantly. It is recommended to reduce the cable-laying speed when operating in reverse currents and to avoid construction under wave-resonance conditions.
| [1] |
IRVINE H M.Cable structures[M].Cambridge:MIT Press,1981. |
| [2] |
李俊.深远海超长距离220 kV海底电缆先敷后埋施工关键技术研究[J].建筑施工,2024,46(6):841-847. |
| [3] |
LI Jun.Research on key technologies for laying first then burying 220 kV submarine cables in the deep sea [J].Building Construction,2024,46(6):841-847.(in Chinese) |
| [4] |
ZHU J J,REN B,DONG P,et al.Natural vibration characteristics of short-span submarine power cables with bending stiffness and sag[J].Marine Structures,2023,87:103328. |
| [5] |
BOUAANANI N,IGHOUBA M.A novel scheme for large deflection analysis of suspended cables made of linear or nonlinear elastic materials[J].Advances in Engineering Software,2011,42(12):1009-1019. |
| [6] |
曹淑刚,张吉,孙小钎,考虑弯曲刚度的高压海缆敷设受力分析[J].太阳能学报,2019,40(10):3009-3016. |
| [7] |
CAO Shugang,ZHANG Ji,SUN Xiaoqian,et al.Force analysis of high-voltage submarine cable laying considering bending stiffness[J].Journal of Solar Energy,2019,40(10):3009-3016.(in Chinese) |
| [8] |
闫宏生,刘昊天,汪雅薇,海底电缆铺设的安装条件和敏感性[J].船舶工程,2019,41(8):126-133. |
| [9] |
YAN Hongsheng,LIU Haotian,WANG Yawei,et al.Installation conditions and sensitivity of submarine cable laying[J].Ship Engineering,2019,41(8):126-133.(in Chinese) |
| [10] |
卢志飞,孔令澎,郑新龙,铺缆船与电缆耦合系统动力学分析[J].船舶工程,2023,45(7):60-70. |
| [11] |
LU Zhifei,KONG Lingpeng,ZHENG Xinlong,et al.Dynamics analysis of cable laying ship and cable coupling system[J].Ship Engineering,2023,45(7):60-70.(in Chinese) |
| [12] |
吕方宏,沈祖炎.修正的循环迭代法与控制索原长法结合进行杂交空间结构施工控制[J].建筑结构学报,2005,26(3):92-97. |
| [13] |
LÜ Fanghong,SHEN Zuyan.The combination of modified cyclic iteration method and control cable original length method for hybrid spatial structure construction control[J].Journal of Building Structures,2005,26(3):92-97.(in Chinese) |
| [14] |
MÉNARD F,CARTRAUD P.A computationally efficient finite element model for the analysis of the non-linear bending behaviour of a dynamic submarine power cable[J].Marine Structures,2023,91:103465. |
| [15] |
HU H T,YAN J,SÆVIK S,et al.Nonlinear bending behavior of a multilayer copper conductor in a dynamic power cable[J].Ocean Engineering,2022,250:110831. |
| [16] |
LI X,LIU Z J,JIANG X L,et al.RVE model development for bending analysis of three-core submarine power cables with dashpot-enhanced periodic boundary conditions[J].Ocean Engineering,2024,309:118588. |
| [17] |
夏峰,陈凯,张永明.海底电力电缆铠装结构机械强度分析及设计[J].电线电缆,2011(3):8-11. |
| [18] |
XIA Feng,CHEN Kai,ZHANG Yongming.Mechanical strength analysis and design of underwater power cable armor structure[J].Wire and Cable,2011(3):8-11.(in Chinese) |
| [19] |
KNAPP R H.Torque and stress balanced design of helically armored cables[J].Journal of Engineering for Industry,1981,103(1):61-66. |
| [20] |
EELTINK D,BRANGER H,LUNEAU C,et al.Nonlinear wave evolution with data-driven breaking[J].Nature Communications,2022,13(1):2343. |
| [21] |
GODA Y.Random seas and design of maritime structures[M].Singapore:World Scientific Publishing Company,2010. |
上海市国资委企业创新发展和能级提升项目(2023019)
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |