高铁站台雨棚风荷载特性的数值模拟研究
Numerical Simulation Study on Wind Load Characteristics of the High-Speed Railway Platform Canopy
本文基于SST k-ω湍流模型对最不利风向角下站台雨棚表面风压进行了数值模拟,系统研究了栏杆设置、列车停靠以及雨棚形状变化对高铁站台雨棚表面风压的影响,结合时均流场特性解释了影响机理,并依据雨棚表面风压分布特点,给出了相应的分区风荷载体型系数。研究结果表明,上游迎风雨棚受到的风荷载最大,下游雨棚因上游雨棚的遮挡效应风荷载较小;雨棚表面整体所受风压以负压为主,上游迎风前缘的局部区域会出现“上吸下顶”的受力形式;栏杆设置或列车停靠均会导致雨棚所受负压增大,但其作用机理不同;雨棚坡度增加会导致其上表面风压上升;雨棚宽度减小会导致其后缘区域负压增大,但对整体风荷载影响较小。研究结果可为高铁站台雨棚的抗风设计提供参考。
Numerical simulations were conducted to analyse the wind pressure on the canopy surface under the most unfavourable wind direction angle using the SST k-ω turbulence model. The effects of installing barriers, train presence and shape variations on wind pressure of the canopy were systematically examined, and the underlying mechanisms were explained through the time-averaged flow field characteristics. The canopy surface was divided into different regions based on the wind pressure distribution and the corresponding shape coefficients were provided. The results indicate that the upstream canopy experiences the highest wind load, while downstream canopies are subjected to lower loads due to shielding effects. The canopy surface is predominantly subjected to negative wind pressure and a localized ‘suction on top and thrust from below’ pattern is observed at the windward leading edge of the upstream canopy. Both the installation of barriers and presence of the train significantly alter the surrounding flow field distribution, leading to an increase in negative wind pressure on the canopy, but the mechanisms are different. The increase in canopy slope leads to the stronger wind pressure on its upper surface. The reduction in canopy width leads to the increased negative pressure at the trailing edge, but has a little impact on the overall wind load. The findings of this study provide valuable references for the wind-resistant design of high-speed railway platform canopies.
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中国钢结构协会研究开发项目(中钢构协[2023]140号)
中铁建科研计划项目(2023-Q09)
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