砌体结构应变监测中树木对太阳辐射的遮挡效应研究
Study on Shading Effect of Trees on Solar Radiation in the Strain Monitoring of Masonry Structures
近年来,为了有效应对老旧房屋安全事故的发生,在线健康监测系统被更多地用于房屋的安全监测。目前,监测数据常常受环境因素干扰无法准确反映房屋的实际状况。为了能准确获得老旧房屋的健康监测数据,本文研究了树木遮挡太阳辐射效应对砌体结构房屋应变监测结果的影响。首先,通过监测数据的对比分析,确认树木遮挡对结构应变监测数据的重要影响,并运用有限元软件COMSOL模拟受温度影响的结构应变变化,进一步验证了该结论。然后,研究了树木遮挡的位置、形状及影响时间,定量计算了辐射衰减对监测数据的实际影响。最后,基于Python建立了考虑遮挡效应的分析模型,通过与有限元模型结果比对验证了该模型的有效性。结果表明:修正后的遮挡处测点温度高于未遮挡处,最高达到7.5 ℃,同时微应变差值达到21.6×10-6。本文的分析方法和手段可用于计算不同地区砌体结构房屋应变监测中的树木遮挡效应,为房屋健康监测中出现类似情况分析提供借鉴。
In recent years, in order to effectively deal with the occurrence of old house safety accidents, online health monitoring systems have been used more for house safety monitoring. At present, monitoring data is often disturbed by environmental factors and cannot accurately reflect the actual condition of the house. In order to accurately obtain the health monitoring data of old houses, this paper focuses on the impact of the shading effect of trees on solar radiation on the strain monitoring results of masonry structure houses. Firstly, through the comparative analysis of the monitoring data, the important influence of tree shading on the structural strain monitoring data is confirmed, and the finite element software COMSOL is used to simulate the structural strain change affected by temperature, which further verifies the conclusion. Then, the location, shape and impact time of tree shading were studied, and the actual effect of radiation attenuation on the monitoring data was quantitatively calculated. Finally, an analysis model considering the occlusion effect is established based on Python, and the effectiveness of the model is verified by comparing the results with the finite element model. The results indicate that the temperature at the shaded measurement points, after correction, is higher than that at the unshaded points, with a maximum difference of 7.5 ℃. Concurrently, the micro-strain difference reaches up to 21.6×10-6. The analysis methods and means in this paper can be used to calculate the tree shading effect in the strain monitoring of masonry buildings in different regions, and provide reference for the analysis of similar situations in housing health monitoring.
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