叶形屋面风致积雪重分布及干扰特性研究
Study on Redistribution and Interference Characteristics of Snow Caused by Wind on Leaf-Shaped Roofs
叶形屋面造型新颖多变,近年在大跨空间建筑中得到应用推广,但复杂的屋面造型给其雪荷载的不均匀分布取值带来一定挑战。本文基于Euler-Euler方法和风雪单相耦合,借助数值风洞模拟了不同风向下多叶形建筑屋面风致雪漂移的积雪不均匀分布。研究结果表明,叶形屋面风致积雪分布不仅要考虑屋面的倾斜,且应合理评估凹凸对积雪分布的影响。叶形屋面积雪通常表现为侵蚀为主,且凸起部分和叶片两端的侵蚀更为明显,同时下凹部分可能形成局部积雪的严重堆积,因此建议工程设计中屋面凹陷率不宜超过10%。叶形屋面之间的相互干扰对积雪有影响,低屋盖干扰影响主要集中于受遮挡作用屋面的迎风边缘区域,高屋盖干扰主要影响整体积雪分布系数,通常干扰变化可达到20%左右。
Leaf-shaped roofs, known for their novel and varied forms, have been widely used in long-span spatial structures in recent years. However, their complex geometry poses certain challenges to the non-uniform distribution of snow loads. Using the Euler-Euler method and a single-phase wind-snow coupling approach, the wind-induced snow drift on multi-leaf building roofs under different wind directions was simulated with a numerical wind tunnel. The findings indicate that the wind-driven snow distribution on leaf-shaped roofs should consider not only the roof inclination but also the effect of roof surface irregularity. Snow on leaf-shaped roofs is predominantly subject to erosion, which is more pronounced on protruding portions and leaf tips. Meanwhile, concave areas may experience severe local snow accumulation; therefore, excessive concavity should be avoided in design. The snow distribution on multi-leaf roofs is significantly influenced by mutual interference among the leaf units. Such interference impacts snow accumulation patterns: interference from lower roofs mainly concentrates on the windward edge of the sheltered roof, whereas interference from higher roofs primarily affects the overall snow distribution coefficient, typically inducing variations of about 20%.
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国家自然科学基金资助项目(51778365)
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