分阶段耗能阻尼器力学性能与减震特性研究
齐松鑫 , 李春光 , 王冲锋 , 张振彬 , 李亚军 , 晁亮 , 陈健
结构工程师 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (3) : 92 -104.
分阶段耗能阻尼器力学性能与减震特性研究
Study on Mechanical Properties and Damping Characteristics of Staged Energy Dissipation Damper
本研究提出一种可以满足不同震级下耗能需求的改进型分阶段耗能阻尼器,主要由哑铃形板、X形板和上下连接板组成,该阻尼器对耗能钢板进行截面优化,将具有不同耗能机制的耗能元件组合使用,使其可以实现分阶屈服和两阶段耗能。通过有限元数值模拟分析可知:这种阻尼器在实现分阶段耗能的基础上,相对于传统单阶屈服阻尼器的延性系数提升约52%,且耗能性能稳定。随后,将这种分阶段耗能阻尼器引入12层平面钢框架中,利用SAP2000进行不同地震水准下的动力时程分析,对比了6种不同工况下结构的地震响应与阻尼器的耗能表现,结果表明:所提阻尼器在多遇地震作用下,剪切板进入屈服开始耗能,而弯曲板处于弹性状态;在设防地震作用下,两者开始共同参与耗能,分级耗能明确;在不同地震水准下,有控结构与无控结构相比,其楼层位移和最大层间位移角最大减幅为38.10%、19.60%;阻尼器在结构中的最大耗能占比为42.77%,有效地耗散了地震输入结构的能量,且分阶段耗能阻尼器较传统单阶段耗能阻尼器在结构中的控制效果更好,说明所提阻尼器在结构中可以很好地发挥消能减震作用。
An improved staged energy dissipation damper capable of meeting energy dissipation requirements under various seismic magnitudes is proposed. The damper is primarily composed of dumbbell-shaped plates, X-shaped plates, and upper and lower connecting plates. By optimizing the cross-sections of the energy-consuming steel plates and combining components with different energy dissipation mechanisms, the damper achieves sequential yielding and two-stage energy dissipation. Finite element numerical simulation analysis demonstrates that, while achieving phased energy dissipation, the proposed damper exhibits stable energy dissipation performance and a ductility coefficient approximately 52% higher than that of traditional single-stage yielding dampers. Furthermore, the staged energy dissipation damper was incorporated into a 12-story planar steel frame to conduct dynamic time-history analysis under different seismic levels using SAP2000. The structural seismic responses and the energy dissipation performance of the damper were compared across six different working conditions. The results indicate that under frequent earthquakes, the shear plates yield and initiate energy dissipation, whereas the curved plates remain in an elastic state. Under fortification earthquakes, both components cooperate in energy dissipation, demonstrating a clear graded energy dissipation mechanism. Under various seismic levels, the maximum reductions in floor displacement and inter-story drift ratio of the controlled structure reach 38.10% and 19.60%, respectively, compared to the uncontrolled structure. The maximum energy dissipation ratio of the damper within the structure reaches 42.77%, effectively dissipating the earthquake energy input into the structure. The phased energy dissipation damper delivers superior control effects compared to traditional single-stage dampers, indicating that the proposed damper can effectively enhance energy dissipation and shock absorption in structural systems.
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