地铁振动激励下声阻隔振支座减振效果实测分析
Field Measurement and Analysis of Vibration Reduction Performance of Sound-Insulating Isolation Bearings under Metro-Induced Excitation
为研究地铁列车运行引起的环境振动及其对上盖建筑舒适度的影响,本文以上海某地铁车辆段上盖综合开发工程为背景,开展了声阻隔振橡胶支座的现场测试与减振效果分析。该支座通过降低动刚度、提高阻尼比并削弱振动传播路径(声桥效应),实现振动与声能的协同控制。本文首先介绍结构概况及支座构造机理,其次基于相关规范对不同楼层振动响应进行时程与频域分析。结果表明:声阻隔振支座在列车激励下可显著降低高层建筑竖向加速度峰值及加速度级,且振动响应沿高度呈衰减规律;铅芯型支座通过声阻垫切断“铅芯—连接板”路径,进一步提升减振性能,最大减振幅值约为10 dB。研究表明,该类支座可兼顾竖向振动控制与声学隔离,对地铁上盖建筑舒适度提升具有重要工程应用价值。
To investigate metro-induced environmental vibrations and their effects on the serviceability of over-track buildings, field tests and performance analyses of soundproof vibration isolation rubber bearings were conducted based on a development project above a metro depot in Shanghai. The bearings achieve coupled vibration–acoustic control by reducing dynamic stiffness, increasing damping, and interrupting transmission paths (acoustic bridge effect). Time-domain and frequency-domain analyses show that the bearings significantly reduce peak vertical acceleration and vibration levels, with responses attenuating along building height. The lead-core configuration, incorporating sound-insulating pads, further enhances performance by disrupting the “lead core-connection plate” path, achieving a maximum reduction of approximately 10dB. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed system in integrating vertical vibration mitigation and acoustic isolation for over-track buildings.
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