基于几何语义和国产图形引擎的铁路山岭隧道衬砌结构BIM设计
BIM Design of Railway Mountain Tunnel Lining Structure Based on Geometric Semantics under Domestic Graphics Engine
为应对铁路山岭隧道衬砌结构在BIM设计过程中效率不足、参数化模型可移植性差等挑战,并致力于降低对国际商业BIM软件平台的依赖所带来的核心技术受限与信息安全风险,本文聚焦于突破此类软件内置几何约束对衬砌结构参数化建模构成的壁垒。为此,以独立几何语义解析为理论基础,对铁路山岭隧道衬砌结构参数化建模方法进行系统性探究。首先构建一套适用于该结构的参数化建模工作流与三维模型解构策略,进而研发相应参数化建模算法。该算法依托国产自主BIMBase几何引擎得以实现,并最终开发出一款专用于铁路山岭隧道衬砌结构的参数化BIM正向设计软件。主要得出以下结论:①通过对国产BIMBase平台进行二次开发,成功实现所提出的参数化建模算法,其有效性与实用性在工程应用实例中得到验证。②本算法设计独立于特定几何引擎的内部约束表征机制,能够直接驱动隧道断面轮廓的生成与编辑,从而精准满足铁路隧道衬砌结构BIM设计需求,显著提升建模工作的自动化程度与参数化方法的行业通用性。
To address the insufficient efficiency and limited portability of parametric models in the BIM design process for railway mountain tunnel lining structures—as well as the risks of core technology restrictions and information security vulnerabilities stemming from reliance on international commercial BIM software platforms—this study investigates methods to overcome the barriers imposed by the built-in geometric constraints of such software. Grounded in the theory of independent geometric semantic parsing, a systematic investigation into the parametric modeling methodology for these structures is presented. First, a dedicated parametric modeling workflow and a 3D model deconstruction strategy are established. Subsequently, a corresponding parametric modeling algorithm is developed and implemented using the domestic, autonomous BIMBase geometric engine, culminating in the creation of specialized parametric BIM forward-design software for railway mountain tunnel linings. The principal conclusions are as follows: (1) Through API development on the domestic BIMBase platform, the proposed algorithm was successfully implemented, with its effectiveness and practicality validated via engineering case studies. (2) Designed to be independent of the internal constraint representation mechanisms of specific geometric engines, the algorithm can directly drive the generation and editing of tunnel cross-sections. Consequently, it accurately satisfies BIM design requirements for railway tunnel linings while significantly enhancing modeling automation and the general applicability of the parametric methodology across the industry.
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中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划[N2023G080-A(JB)]
天津市自然科学基金资助项目(25YFYFFG 00310)
中国铁路设计集团有限公司科技研究开发计划项目(2025A0153803)
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