1. MNR and Guangxi Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Guilin 541004, China
2. International Research Center on Karst Under the Auspices of UNESCO/National Center for International Research on Karst Dynamic System and Global Change, Guilin 541004, China
3. Pingguo, Guangxi Karst Ecosystem, National Observation and Research Station, Pingguo 531406, China
4. Kunming General Survey of Natural Resources Center, China Geological Survey, Kunming 650111, China
“双驱动力”相互融合、相互促进。碳酸盐岩风化溶解、形成土壤的过程为陆地植物光合作用提供水分和养分。碳酸盐岩风化溶解后的不溶物中,富含铁、锰、锌、铜、钼、硼等植物必须的微量元素[75-76]。同时,富碳岩溶水刺激水生植物光合作用,提高水生生态系统碳汇能力;岩溶水库中高浓度的对小球藻生长起“施肥作用”[77],这对岩溶碳汇的稳定性起着重要作用[78]。利用类脂生物标志物法,结合传统水化学特征计算出珠江流域水体中冬季和夏季内源有机碳占总有机碳比例的平均值分别为65%和54%,表明该流域中水生植物光合作用导致的初级生产力比较强烈;内源有机碳比例和水生藻类生物量与DIC浓度呈现显著的正相关关系,DIC对水生植物光合作用具有施肥效应[79]。西江流域岩溶无机碳汇通量为2.23×106 t /a,加上内源有机碳的碳汇通量为3.50×106 t /a,岩溶碳汇通量提高了57%[80],这表明岩溶区内碳酸盐岩风化溶解过程也是岩溶生态系统中碳循环不可缺少的一部分。
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