1 Key Laboratory of Deep Petroleum Intelligent Exploration and Development, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
2 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
3 Institute of Energy, Peking University, Beijing 100871
The carbon cycle is a key process governing material and energy exchanges among Earth’s atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere, and biosphere, and exerts a profound influence on long-term climate evolution and biological development. The Early Jurassic constitutes a critical stage of intensified Mesozoic greenhouse climate following the breakup of the supercontinent Pangaea. This period witnessed significant restructuring of the global carbon cycle, driven by continental rifting and large-scale magmatic activity. However, the evolution of the carbon cycle during the “background period” from the Hettangian to Pliensbachian stages (~18 Ma) remains poorly understood. A key challenge lies in deciphering the underlying carbon cycle mechanisms from high-resolution geochemical records. To address this, we applied the CHEES (CHemical Evolution of Earth Surface spheres) model coupled with a Bayesian Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) inversion approach to quantitatively reconstruct carbon cycle dynamics based on high-resolution organic carbon isotope (δ13Corg) records from the Mochras borehole in the northern Eurasian Seaway. The results indicate that variations in tectonically controlled degassing rates likely dominated the long-term carbon cycle trends from the Hettangian to Pliensbachian, whereas additional sources of carbon release may have contributed to multiple moderate-magnitude negative δ13Corg excursions observed during the Early Hettangian, the Sinemurian-Pliensbachian transition, and the Late Pliensbachian. Moreover, the inversion results clearly reveal a ~6 Ma periodicity modulated by short eccentricity maxima, as well as a 405 ka long eccentricity signal, suggesting that Early Jurassic carbon release processes were likely influenced by deep-seated mantle dynamics and tectonic cycles. This study provides new insights into the formation mechanisms of Early Jurassic greenhouse climates, the role of multi-sphere feedbacks, and the response of the carbon-cycle-climate system to tectonic and orbital forcing.
尽管本研究基于高分辨率δ13Corg数据初步揭示了早侏罗世碳释放过程的阶段性特征,但当前反演框架仍存在一定局限,主要体现在参数约束单一,尚不足以全面还原碳循环-气候系统中多圈层之间的复杂反馈机制。未来研究可从以下几个方面进一步拓展与深化:一方面,结合温度指标、大气CO2浓度重建结果、金属元素及其稳定同位素等多种地球化学记录,构建多参数联合贝叶斯反演框架,有望提升反演结果的精度与可靠性,并进一步解析不同碳源(如岩浆碳、生物成因甲烷)与碳汇(特别是有机碳埋藏)在碳循环演化中的相对贡献;另一方面,模型层面可引入更加复杂的圈层耦合过程,例如考虑岩石圈-大气圈-海洋圈之间的物质通量、深部碳储库输入(如板块俯冲、洋中脊扩张)与表层碳输出之间的动态平衡过程,提升模型对地质时期多圈层联动机制的模拟能力。此外,有机碳埋藏是地球碳循环中最关键的长期碳汇之一,连接生物圈的初级生产与岩石圈的碳储存过程,在维持大气 CO2 浓度稳态、调节地表温度、促进氧气积累及支撑生态系统演替中发挥了不可替代的作用。作为圈层耦合的重要纽带,有机碳埋藏同时受到气候变迁、海洋生产力、沉积环境与构造活动等多重因子的影响,其变化直接影响地球系统对碳扰动事件的响应与缓冲能力。未来研究需进一步聚焦不同地质时期,特别是在温室-冰室转变、大洋缺氧事件及生物大灭绝等关键节点上,有机碳埋藏通量的时空演变规律与驱动机制,借助高分辨率地球化学记录与定量耦合模型,系统解析其反馈路径及相对贡献。这不仅有助于厘清显生宙以来碳汇动态如何塑造全球气候-生态格局,也为预测未来多圈层响应路径提供关键的古气候视角与理论支持。
3 结论
(1)本研究基于高分辨率 Mochras 钻孔δ13Corg记录,采用贝叶斯马尔可夫蒙特卡洛反演方法,结合CHEES箱式模型对早侏罗世约 18 Ma 时段内的碳循环演化过程进行了定量反演,通过设计四组不同碳释放情景的模拟实验,系统探讨了构造脱气、火山CO2、生物成因甲烷和热成因甲烷释放在δ13Corg波动中的可能贡献机制。
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