钒基氧化物雷达与红外隐身材料研究进展

Research progress on vanadium-based oxide radar and infrared stealth materials

摘要

雷达与红外隐身材料对于提升装备隐身性能具有重要意义，近年来，钒基氧化物因其独特的热致相变特性、优异的红外辐射调制能力在雷达与红外隐身领域展现出广阔的应用前景。本文从多组分设计、结构调控、元素掺杂改性 3 个维度，系统阐述了二氧化钒（VO₂）、三氧化二钒（V₂O₃）、五氧化二钒（V₂O₅）基隐身材料的性能优化方法及机制。此外，本文提出了钒基氧化物隐身材料研究未来的 5 大关键发展方向：（1）新型异质结构设计，通过结构调控设计克服钒基氧化物固有缺陷以增强隐身性能；（2）人工智能辅助材料设计，将利用机器学习建模成分-结构-性能关系，精准预测性能参数以缩短材料研发周期；（3）多元损耗机制协同优化，旨在耦合电导损耗、介电损耗与磁损耗实现协同增强，最大化提升隐身性能；（4）复杂界面表征，针对价态丰富导致的复杂界面，强化界面表征以揭示复合体系吸波机理；（5）宽频段自适应隐身，基于热致相变特性，开发兼具宽频段与自适应响应的隐身材料。

Abstract

Radar and infrared stealth materials play a crucial role in enhancing the stealth performance of equipment. In recent years，vanadium-based oxides have shown broad application prospects in the field of radar and infrared stealth due to their unique thermochromic phase transition properties and excellent infrared radiation modulation capabilities. This paper summarizes the research progress of vanadium-based oxide radar and infrared stealth materials at home and abroad. From three dimensions of multi-component design，structural regulation and element doping modification，it systematically elaborates on the performance optimization methods and mechanisms of vanadium dioxide，vanadium trioxide and vanadium pentoxide-based stealth materials. Furthermore，this paper proposes five key directions for future research on vanadium-based oxide stealth materials：(1) the design of new heterostructure，which aims to overcome the inherent defects of vanadium-based oxides through structural regulation to enhance stealth performance；(2) artificial intelligence-assisted material design，which will utilize machine learning to model the composition-structure-performance relationships and accurately predict performance parameters，thereby shortening the material development cycle；(3) the synergistic optimization of multiple loss mechanisms，intended to couple conductive loss，dielectric loss and magnetic loss for synergistic enhancement，maximizing the improvement of stealth performance；(4) the characterization of complex interfaces，which focuses on strengthening interface characterization to reveal the wave-absorbing mechanism of composite systems in view of the complex interfaces caused by rich valence states；(5) broadband adaptive stealth，which involves developing stealth materials with both broadband and adaptive response capabilities based on thermally induced phase transition characteristics.

关键词

钒基氧化物 / 红外隐身 / 雷达隐身 / 相变材料

Key words

vanadium-based oxide / infrared stealth / radar stealth / phase change material

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