考虑界面的热塑性复合材料细观模型及失效机理

Microscopic model and failure mechanism of thermoplastic composite materials considering interface

摘要

相比于传统材料，碳纤维增强热塑性复合材料（CFTRP）具有更高韧性和变形恢复能力，且更利于回收利用，被广泛地应用于航空航天、汽车船舶等领域的主承力构件上，对于其力学性能及失效机理的研究已成为当前的热点方向。然而，大部分研究都忽略了纤维与基体间界面对复合材料整体力学性能的影响，本工作以聚醚醚酮（PEEK）/T700 碳纤维增强复合材料为研究对象，通过实验与有限元分析相结合的方法，分别建立考虑界面和不考虑界面的代表性体积单元（RVE）。通过对其施加各个方向的载荷，系统研究界面对复合材料力学性能与失效模式的影响。结果表明：考虑界面行为的 RVE 对复合材料强度和失效模式的预测结果更为准确，其中，对横向拉伸强度的预测精度提升最明显，对面内剪切强度的预测精度提升较少。相关结果和规律可为高性能热塑性复合材料在实际工程应用中的结构设计与性能评估提供参考。

Abstract

Compared with traditional materials，carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic composites (CFTRP) have higher toughness and deformation recovery ability，and are more conducive to recycling，and widely used in aerospace，automotive ship and other fields of the main bearing components，for its mechanical properties and failure mechanism have become a current hot direction. However，most of the researches have neglected the influence of the interface between fiber and matrix on the overall mechanical properties of composites. In this paper，taking the polyether ether ether ketone (PEEK) /T700 carbon fiber-reinforced composites as the object of research，the representative volume element (RVE) considering the interface and disregarding the interface is established by combining the method of experiments and finite element analysis，respectively. The influence of the interface on the mechanical properties and failure modes of the composites is systematically investigated by applying loads in various directions to them. The results indicate that the RVE considering interface behavior provides more accurate predictions of the composite strength and failure modes. Among these, the prediction accuracy for transverse tensile strength shows the most significant improvement, and the improvement for in-plane shear strength is more modest. The results and patterns can provide a reference for the structural design and performance evaluation of high-performance thermoplastic composites in practical engineering applications.

关键词

热塑性复合材料 / 多尺度分析 / 代表性体积单元 / 力学性能 / 有限元仿真

Key words

thermoplastic composite / multiscale analysis / representative volume element / mechanical property / finite element simulation

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基金资助

国家自然科学基金面上项目(12172098)