国产 CF/PEEK 预浸料激光辅助自动铺缠工艺及力学性能

Laser-assisted automated lay-up process and mechanical properties of domestic CF/PEEK prepregs

摘要

CF/PEEK 复合材料是适用于极端环境的战略材料，但因 PEEK 树脂加工难度大、国产预浸料制备及自动铺放技术尚不成熟，制约着其广泛的工程化应用。本工作基于自研的预浸料拉制设备和纤维自动铺放平台，系统开展国产 CF/PEEK 预浸料自主制备与工艺研究。首先，采用粉末浸渍法制备 CF/PEEK 预浸料，再通过自动铺缠正交实验揭示成型温度、压力和绕速对制件性能的影响规律。结果表明：制备的预浸料符合自动铺放工艺要求，铺放过程各因素对制件性能的影响程度排序：温度＞绕速＞压力，最佳成型工艺参数组合：激光功率 220 W，气动压力 0.3 MPa，铺缠速率 101 mm/s，此时层间剪切强度 55.7 MPa，拉伸强度 2006.4 MPa，分别达到热压件的 84.7%、86.7%，孔隙率为 3.4%。通过与国外相关研究对比，分析影响性能的主要原因在于材料性能、工艺控制及装备水平等方面的差距。本工作研究可为国产化的材料-装备-工艺技术体系化开发提供参考。

Abstract

CF/PEEK composite are strategic materials suitable for extreme environments. However, the difficulty in processing PEEK resin, the immaturity of domestic prepreg preparation and automated placement technology restrict its widespread engineering application. This study systematically investigates the preparation and lay-up processes of domestically produced CF/PEEK prepreg using self-developed prepreg pulling equipment and an automated fiber placement platform. First, CF/PEEK prepregs are fabricatedvia the powder impregnation method. Subsequently, orthogonal experiments are conducted to evaluate the effects of lay-up temperature, pressure and speed on the properties of the fabricated components. The results demonstrate that the prepared prepreg meets the requirements for automated lay-up. The influence of process parameters on part performance follows the order: temperature > lay-up speed > pressure. The optimal parameter combination is identified as: laser power of 220 W, pneumatic pressure of 0.3 MPa and lay-up speed of 101 mm/s. Under these conditions, the composites achieve an interlaminar shear strength of 55.7 MPa and a tensile strength of 2006.4 MPa, reaching 84.7% and 86.7% of the performance of hot-pressed counterparts, respectively, with a porosity of 3.4%. By comparing with relevant foreign research, the underlying causes of performance gaps are analyzed. This study provides reference for the systematic development of domestically produced materials, equipment and process technologies.

关键词

CF/PEEK / 热塑性复合材料 / 自动铺放技术 / 工艺参数 / 层间剪切强度

Key words

CF/PEEK / thermoplastic composite / automated fiber placement technology / process parameter / interlaminar shear strength

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基金资助

成都航空职业技术大学校级自然科研基金项目(ZZX0624110)