航空发动机用Ti2AlNb合金的发展现状及应用进展

Development status and application progress of Ti2AlNb alloys for aero-engines

摘要

Ti2AlNb 合金作为一种新型高温轻质结构材料，被视为替代镍基高温合金、实现航空发动机关键高温部件显著减重最具潜力的候选材料之一。目前，Ti2AlNb 合金的研制已步入成熟阶段，其在航空发动机领域的应用正加速推进，从实验室材料性能向实际结构服役性能转化的需求日益迫切。本文围绕 Ti2AlNb 合金在航空发动机中的应用性能研究现状与发展进行系统综述，在总结该合金的研制进展及其在发动机中的选材分析与应用现状的基础上，归纳出先静子后转子的应用路径及其典型潜在应用对象。进一步从发动机结构完整性要求、强度寿命分析方法工具需求及材料应用综合评价体系构建等方面，系统梳理面向结构应用的 Ti2AlNb 合金性能评价需求与重点研究内容。随后，以燃烧室机匣为例，重点阐述 Ti2AlNb 合金在典型航空发动机结构件中的应用性能评价研究现状。 最后，结合当前研究进展，提出推动 Ti2AlNb 合金选材与结构应用性能评价领域未来发展的建议方向：未来应聚焦发动机真实服役工况，系统开展多因素耦合环境下的性能评价，构建组织-性能定量关联模型，发展材料-结构-性能一体化设计方法，为 Ti2AlNb 合金在燃烧室机匣等关键构件上的工程化应用提供坚实支撑。

Abstract

As a new type of high-temperature lightweight structural material，Ti2AlNb alloy is regarded as one of the most promising candidates to replace nickel-based superalloys for significant weight reduction in critical high-temperature components of aero-engines. At present，the development of Ti2AlNb alloy has reached a mature stage，and its application in aero-engines is accelerating. Therefore，the demand for transitioning the properties of the material from laboratory scale to actual structural service performance is becoming increasingly urgent. This paper systematically reviews the research status and development of the application performance of Ti2AlNb alloy in aero-engines. Based on a summary of the development progress of the alloy， material selection analysis， and current application status in engines，the application pathway of “static components first，then rotating components” and its typical potential application objects are identified. Furthermore， the requirements and key research tasks for evaluating the structural application performance of Ti2AlNb alloys are systematically outlined from the perspectives of engine structural integrity requirements，needs for strength and life analysis methods and tools，and the establishment of a comprehensive material application evaluation system. Subsequently， taking the combustor casing structure as an example， the current research status of the structural application performance evaluation of Ti2AlNb alloys in aero-engines is elaborated in detail. Finally，based on the current research progress，future directions for advancing the material selection and structural application performance evaluation of Ti2AlNb alloys are proposed： future efforts should focus on real engine service conditions， systematically conduct performance evaluations under multi-factor coupled environments，establish quantitative microstructure-property correlation models and develop material-structure-performance integrated design methods， so as to provide solid support for the engineering application of Ti2AlNb alloys in critical components such as combustor casings.

关键词

Ti2AlNb / 航空发动机 / 性能评价 / 力学性能 / 工程应用

Key words

Ti2AlNb / aero-engine / performance evaluation / mechanical property / engineering application

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[134] 基金项目:稳定支持项目(2019-363);工业与信息化部新材料重大专项项目(2025ZD0609100)

[135] 通讯作者:沙爱学(1974—), 女,博士,研究员,研究方向为航空及发动机材料性能评价, 联系地址: 北京市 81 信箱39 分箱(100095),E-mail:[e-mail]