单一时效处理对MAR-M246高温合金拉伸和持久性能的影响

Effect of single aging treatment on tensile and stress rupture property of MAR-M246 superalloy

摘要

以精密铸造 MAR-M246 高温合金为研究对象，采用单一时效处理替代传统的固溶+双重时效热处理，研究单一时效处理对 MAR-M246 高温合金微观组织、室温/高温拉伸性能及中/高温持久性能的影响。采用高分辨场发射扫描电镜对铸态合金和时效处理合金微观组织和断口形貌进行观察，并测试不同状态合金的拉伸和持久性能。结果表明：铸态和时效处理 MAR-M246 高温合金微观组织均由 γ 基体、γ′相、晶内块状MC 型碳化物、晶界长条状MC 型碳化物和 γ+γ′共晶相组成。时效处理后，合金组织中 γ′相体积分数由铸态合金的 42.68% 增加至 49.85%，γ′相尺寸由铸态合金的（301±9） nm 增加至（321±12） nm，尺寸分布更加均匀，同时时效处理后 γ′相的立方度显著增加。时效处理后，MAR-M246 高温合金的室温屈服强度小幅提高，900 ℃下合金断后伸长率显著提高；在 760 ℃/724 MPa 条件下，MAR-M246 高温合金的持久寿命由 18.15 h（铸态）显著提高至 38.23 h（时效处理），持久断后伸长率由 3.14%（铸态）升高至 5.4%（时效处理）；在 980 ℃/225 MPa 条件下，合金的持久寿命由 79.58 h（铸态）降低至 45.48 h（时效处理），这些结果主要由于时效处理中立方度更高的 γ′相更容易发生快速粗化与筏排化。

Abstract

Taking investment-cast MAR-M246 superalloy as the research material，a single aging treatment is adopted to replace the conventional solution plus double aging heat treatment，and the effects of single aging treatment on the microstructure，room-temperature/high-temperature tensile properties，and medium/high-temperature stress rupture properties of MAR-M246 superalloy are investigated. A high-resolution field-emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) is used to characterize the microstructures and fracture morphologies of the as-cast and aged alloys，while tensile and stress rupture tests were carried out on alloys under different states. The results show that the microstructures of both as-cast and aged MAR-M246 superalloys consist of γ matrix，γ′ precipitates，blocky intragranular MC carbides，strip-like intergranular MC carbides，and γ+γ′ eutectic phases. After aging treatment，the volume fraction of γ′ precipitates increases from 42.68% in the as-cast alloy to 49.85% in the aged alloy，and the average size of γ′ precipitates rises from (301±9) nm to (321±12) nm with a more uniform size distribution；meanwhile，the cubicity of γ′ precipitates is markedly enhanced after aging. After aging，the room-temperature yield strength of MAR-M246 superalloy is slightly improved，and the elongation after fracture at 900 ℃ increases significantly. Under the condition of 760 ℃ and 724 MPa，the stress rupture life of MAR-M246 superalloy is remarkably extended from 18.15 h (as-cast) to 38.23 h (aged)，and the stress rupture elongation rises from 3.14% (as-cast) to 5.4% (aged). However，at 980 ℃ and 225 MPa，the stress rupture life declines from 79.58 h (as-cast) to 45.48 h (aged). These phenomena are mainly attributed to the fact that the γ′ precipitates with higher cubicity generated during aging are prone to rapid coarsening and rafting.

关键词

MAR-M246 高温合金 / 时效处理 / 碳化物 / 拉伸性能 / 持久性能

Key words

MAR-M246 superalloy / aging treatment / carbide / tensile property / stress rupture property

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