超声引导下Ⅱ型胸神经阻滞术联合前锯肌平面阻滞对全身麻醉乳腺癌根治术患者应激反应及术后恢复的影响
贾旺 , 刘印华 , 刘忠玉 , 孙东辉
中国现代医学杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (16) : 9 -14.
超声引导下Ⅱ型胸神经阻滞术联合前锯肌平面阻滞对全身麻醉乳腺癌根治术患者应激反应及术后恢复的影响
Effect of ultrasound-guided type Ⅱ pectoral nerve block combined with serratus anterior plane block on stress response and postoperative recovery in patients undergoing general anesthesia for radical mastectomy
目的 探讨超声引导下Ⅱ型胸神经阻滞术联合前锯肌平面阻滞对全身麻醉乳腺癌根治术患者应激反应及术后恢复的影响。 方法 选取2023年1月—2024年1月在秦皇岛市妇幼保健院接受乳腺癌根治术治疗的女性乳腺癌患者102例,采用电脑随机数法分为观察组和对照组,均51例。所有患者行乳腺癌根治术及同侧腋窝淋巴结清扫、胸肌间淋巴结清扫治疗。对照组术中给予全身麻醉,观察组在全身麻醉前给予超声引导下Ⅱ型胸神经阻滞术联合前锯肌平面阻滞麻醉。比较两组麻醉前(T0)、切皮后(T1)、术后15 min(T2)的平均动脉压(MAP)及心率(HR),记录两组术中瑞芬太尼使用量、手术时间、术后拔管时间及苏醒时间,比较两组术后的前列腺素E2(PGE2)、去甲肾上腺素(NE)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)及不良反应发生情况。 结果 两组患者术后T0、T1、T2的MAP及HR比较,经重复测量设计的方差分析, 结果 ①不同时间点MAP、HR比较,差异均有统计学意义(P <0.05);②两组患者MAP、HR比较,差异均无统计学意义(P >0.05);③两组患者MAP、HR变化趋势比较,差异均有统计学意义(P <0.05)。两组患者手术时间、术后拔管时间、苏醒时间比较,差异均无统计学意义(P >0.05)。两组患者术后4、24、72 h的视觉模拟评分(VAS)比较,经重复测量设计的方差分析, 结果 ①不同时间点VAS评分比较,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05);②两组患者VAS评分比较,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05);③两组患者VAS评分变化趋势比较,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。观察组手术前后PGE2、NE、CAT的差值均低于对照组(P <0.05)。两组患者并发症发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P >0.05)。 结论 全身麻醉乳腺癌根治术中联合超声引导下Ⅱ型胸神经阻滞术联合前锯肌平面阻滞,有助于减轻患者术后的疼痛及应激反应,术后恢复及安全性良好。
Objective To investigate the effect of ultrasound-guided type II pectoral nerve block combined with serratus anterior plane block on stress response and postoperative recovery in patients undergoing general anesthesia for radical mastectomy. Methods From January 2023 to January 2024, 102 female patients with breast cancer who received radical mastectomy in the Maternity and Child Care Center of Qinhuangdao were selected. They were randomly assigned to an observation group consisting of 51 cases and a control group comprising 51 cases. All patients underwent radical mastectomy, together with ipsilateral axillary lymph node dissection and pectoral intramuscular lymph node dissection. The control group received general intravenous anesthesia during the operation, while the observation group received ultrasound-guided type II pectoral nerve block combined with serratus anterior plane block before general intravenous anesthesia. The mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) of the two groups before anesthesia (T0), after skin incision (T1), and 15 minutes after surgery (T2) were compared. The intraoperative remifentanil dosage, duration of surgery, postoperative extubation time, and recovery time were recorded for both groups. The postoperative levels of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), norepinephrine (NE), and catalase (CAT), as well as the incidence of adverse reactions, were compared between the two groups. Results Repeated measures analysis of variance was used to compare the MAP and HR between the observation and control groups at T0, T1, and T2, which showed that MAP and HR were significantly different across the time points (P < 0.05) but did not differ between the observation group and the control group (P > 0.05). There was a statistically significant difference in the change trends of MAP and HR between the two groups (P < 0.05), where they were lower in the observation group than in the control group. There was no difference in duration of surgery, postoperative extubation time, or recovery time between the two groups (P > 0.05). Comparison of pain scores between the observation group and the control group at 4 hours, 24 hours, and 72 hours after surgery was conducted using the repeated measures analysis of variance. The results revealed that there was a statistically significant difference in pain scores among different time points (P < 0.05) and the pain scores were different between the observation group and the control group (P < 0.05). The difference in the change trend of pain scores between the two groups was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The differences of PGE2, NE, and CAT levels before and after surgery in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). There was no difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups (P >0.05). Conclusion Ultrasound-guided type II pectoral nerve block combined with serratus anterior plane block during general anesthesia for radical mastectomy can help alleviate postoperative pain and stress responses, while demonstrating good postoperative recovery and safety.
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河北省重点研发计划项目(3071401)
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