E3泛素连接酶HECW1及结构域结合蛋白1在前列腺癌中的表达及其临床意义
孙建鸣 , 丁俊 , 刘俊强 , 梁峰 , 张琪
中国现代医学杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (16) : 73 -79.
E3泛素连接酶HECW1及结构域结合蛋白1在前列腺癌中的表达及其临床意义
Expression levels and clinical significance of E3 ubiquitin ligase HECW1 and CUB domain-containing protein 1 in prostate cancer
目的 分析E3泛素连接酶HECW1及CUB结构域蛋白1(CDCP1)在前列腺癌中的表达及与无进展生存期(PFS)的关系。 方法 回顾性分析2020年11月—2024年10月中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第九〇四医院收治的86例前列腺癌患者的临床资料。实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应和Western blotting检测癌组织与癌旁组织HECW1、CDCP1的mRNA和蛋白的表达,比较不同临床病理特征患者癌组织HECW1、CDCP1的mRNA和蛋白相对表达量;随访至2024年10月,记录患者的PFS,分析前列腺癌患者PFS的影响因素及HECW1、CDCP1对PFS的预测价值。 结果 癌组织HECW1、CDCP1的mRMA和蛋白相对表达量均高于癌旁组织(P <0.05)。不同年龄、白蛋白/碱性磷酸酶比值(AAPR)患者癌组织HECW1、CDCP1的mRMA和蛋白相对表达量比较,差异均无统计学意义(P >0.05)。前列腺特异抗原(PSA)4~10和>10 μg/L患者癌组织HECW1、CDCP1的mRMA和蛋白相对表达量均高于PSA<4 μg/L患者(P <0.05),PSA>10 μg/L患者癌组织HECW1、CDCP1的mRMA和蛋白相对表达量均高于PSA 4~10 μg/L患者(P <0.05)。Gleason评分为7和>7分患者癌组织HECW1、CDCP1的mRMA和蛋白相对表达量均高于Gleason评分<7分患者(P <0.05),Gleason评分>7分患者癌组织HECW1、CDCP1的mRMA和蛋白相对表达量均高于Gleason评分7分患者(P <0.05)。TNM分期Ⅲ、Ⅳ期、有淋巴结转移、有骨转移患者癌组织HECW1、CDCP1的mRMA和蛋白相对表达量较高(P <0.05)。截至2024年10月,86例患者的中位PFS为26个月(95% CI:24.613,27.387)。多因素一般Logistic回归分析结果显示:癌组织HECW1 mRMA表达高[O^R=7.441(95% CI:2.543,21.770)]、HECW1蛋白表达高[O^R=5.355(95% CI:1.830,15.667)]、CDCP1 mRMA表达高[O^R=4.477(95% CI:1.530,13.099)]、CDCP1蛋白表达高[O^R=3.374(95% CI:1.153,9.870)]均为前列腺癌患者PFS的危险因素(P <0.05)。受试者工作特征曲线结果显示,癌组织HECW1 mRMA和蛋白、CDCP1 mRMA和蛋白预测前列腺癌患者PFS的曲线下面积分别为0.846、0.824、0.857、0.805,敏感性分别为85.8%、83.4%、90.0%、88.6%,特异性分别为87.1%、89.3%、80.6%、84.5%,4项联合的AUC为0.964,敏感性为98.4%,特异性为71.0%。 结论 前列腺癌患者HECW1、CDCP1的mRMA和蛋白表达升高与PSA水平、Gleason评分、TNM分期、淋巴结及骨转移有关,且其表达水平越高,PFS越短。
Objective To analyze the expression levels of E3 ubiquitin ligase HECW1 and CUB domain-containing protein 1 (CDCP1) in prostate cancer and their relationship with progression-free survival (PFS). Methods The clinical data of 86 patients with prostate cancer admitted to the 904th Hospital of the Joint Logistic Support Force of the Chinese People's Liberation Army during November 2020 to October 2024 were retrospectively analyzed. The relative mRNA and protein expression levels of HECW1 and CDCP1 in cancer and adjacent tissues were measured using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting, respectively. The relative mRNA and protein expression levels of HECW1 and CDCP1 in cancer tissues were compared between patients with different clinicopathological characteristics. Patients were followed up until October 2024, and PFS was recorded. Factors influencing PFS in prostate cancer patients were analyzed, and the predictive value of HECW1 and CDCP1 for PFS was assessed. Results The relative mRNA and protein expression levels of HECW1 and CDCP1 in cancer tissues were significantly higher than those in adjacent tissues (P < 0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in the relative mRNA and protein expression levels of HECW1 and CDCP1 in tumor tissues among patients of different ages or AAPR groups (P > 0.05). However, patients with PSA levels of 4-10 μg/L and > 10 μg/L had significantly higher relative mRNA and protein expression levels of HECW1 and CDCP1 in tumor tissues compared to those with PSA <4 μg/L (P < 0.05), and their expression levels in the >10 μg/L group were significantly higher than those in the 4-10 μg/L group (P < 0.05). Patients with Gleason scores of 7 and > 7 had significantly higher HECW1 and CDCP1 mRNA and protein expression than those with Gleason scores < 7 (P < 0.05), and expression was higher in the >7 group than in the 7 group (P < 0.05). Higher expression levels of HECW1 and CDCP1 were also observed in patients with TNM stage III/IV, lymph node metastasis, or bone metastasis (P < 0.05). As of October 2024, the median PFS among the 86 patients was 26 months (95% CI: 24.613, 27.387). Multivariable Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that high mRNA expression of HECW1 [O^R = 7.441 (95% CI: 2.543, 21.770) ], high protein expression of HECW1 [O^R = 5.355 (95% CI: 1.830, 15.667) ], high mRNA expression of CDCP1 [O^R = 4.477 (95% CI: 1.530, 13.099) ] and high protein expression of CDCP1 [O^R = 3.374 (95% CI: 1.153, 9.870) ] in cancer tissues were risk factors for PFS in patients with prostate cancer (P < 0.05). The ROC curve analysis revealed that the areas under the curves (AUCs) of the mRNA and protein expression levels of HECW1 and CDCP1 in cancer tissues for predicting PFS of prostate cancer patients were 0.846, 0.824, 0.857, and 0.805, with sensitivities of 85.8%, 83.4%, 90.0%, and 88.6%, and sensitivities of 87.1%, 89.3%, 80.6%, and 84.5%. The combination of the four yielded an AUC of 0.964, with the sensitivity being 98.4% and the specificity being 71.0%. Conclusion The increased mRNA and protein expressions of HECW1 and CDCP1 in patients with prostate cancer are related to PSA levels, Gleason scores, TNM stage, and lymph node and bone metastases. Moreover, their higher expression levels are associated with shorter PFS.
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