HIV/AIDS合并肺结核患者抗结核干预疗效的影响因素分析
Influencing factors of the curative effect of anti-tuberculosis intervention in HIV/AIDS patients with tuberculosis
目的 探讨影响人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染/获得性免疫缺陷综合征(AIDS)合并肺结核患者抗结核干预疗效的危险因素。 方法 回顾性分析2014年1月—2023年7月汉中市中心医院收治的110例HIV/AIDS合并肺结核患者的临床资料。给予所有患者H-Rfb-Z-E组合抗结核治疗,治疗9个月后,死亡组31例,存活组79例。比较两组患者的临床资料、白细胞分化抗原4(CD4+)水平;采用多因素一般Logistic回归分析HIV/AIDS合并肺结核患者抗结核干预后死亡的影响因素;绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析HIV感染时间、CD4+水平对HIV/AIDS合并肺结核患者抗结核干预后死亡的预测价值。 结果 死亡组与存活组的性别构成、年龄、肺结核类型构成、合并肺外结核病占比、其他感染疾病占比及不良反应率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P >0.05)。死亡组静脉注射吸毒占比、无抗HIV治疗占比均高于存活组,HIV感染时间长于存活组,CD4+水平低于存活组(P <0.05)。多因素一般Logistic回归分析结果显示:未接受抗HIV治疗[O^R =1.542(95% CI:1.127,2.110)]、HIV感染时间长[O^R =3.198(95% CI:1.243,8.228)]、静脉注射吸毒[O^R =1.757(95% CI:1.093,2.824)]、CD4+水平高[O^R =2.483(95% CI:1.305,4.724)]均为HIV/AIDS合并肺结核患者抗结核干预后死亡的危险因素(P <0.05)。ROC曲线结果显示,HIV感染时间预测HIV/AIDS合并肺结核患者抗结核干预后死亡的曲线下面积为0.794(95% CI:0.703,0.918)、敏感性为83.5%(95% CI:0.753,0.896)、特异性为89.8%(95% CI:0.811,0.906);CD4+水平预测HIV/AIDS合并肺结核患者抗结核干预后死亡的曲线下面积为0.813(95% CI:0.724,0.926)、敏感性为87.4%(95% CI:0.767,0.912)、特异性为86.5%(95% CI:0.802,0.910)。 结论 未接受抗HIV治疗、HIV感染时间长、静脉注射吸毒、CD4+水平高均为HIV/AIDS合并肺结核患者抗结核干预后死亡的危险因素,临床治疗时可结合以上指标针对性制订治疗方案,提高治疗效果。
Objective To analyze the factors influencing the efficacy of anti-tuberculosis intervention in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. Method A total of 110 patients with HIV/AIDS combined with tuberculosis who received treatment in Hanzhong Central Hospital from January 2014 to July 2023 were selected and treated with the same anti-tuberculosis regimen (H-Rfb-Z-E). According to the efficacy after 9 months of treatment, they were divided into a death group (n = 31) and a survival group (n = 79). The baseline data and CD4+ levels were compared between the two groups. Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of death. The value of HIV infection duration and CD4+ level in predicting death was analyzed using ROC curves. Result The comparisons of anti-HIV treatment rate, intravenous drug use rate, HIV infection duration, and CD4+ level between the death group and the survival group showed statistically significant differences (P < 0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that: no anti-HIV treatment [O^R = 1.542 (95% CI: 1.127, 2.110) ], long duration of HIV infection [O^R = 3.198 (95% CI: 1.243, 8.228) ], intravenous drug use [O^R = 1.757 (95% CI: 1.093, 2.824) ], and high CD4+ level [O^R = 2.483 (95% CI: 1.305, 4.724) ] were all risk factors for death after anti-tuberculosis intervention in patients with HIV/AIDS complicated with pulmonary tuberculosis (P < 0.05). ROC analysis confirmed that HIV infection time [AUC 0.794 (95% CI: 0.703, 0.918), sensitivity 0.835, specificity 0.898] and CD4+ level [AUC 0.813 (95% CI: 0.724, 0.926), sensitivity 0.874, specificity 0.865] could be used to predict the efficacy (P < 0.05). Conclusion Not receiving anti-HIV treatment, long duration of HIV infection, intravenous drug use, and high CD4+ level are all influencing factors for the efficacy of anti-tuberculosis intervention. Targeted treatment plans can be formulated based on these indicators to improve the therapeutic effect.
| [1] |
KAWATSU L, KANEKO N, IMAHASHI M, et al. Practices and attitudes towards tuberculosis and latent tuberculosis infection screening in people living with HIV/AIDS among HIV physicians in Japan[J]. AIDS Res Ther, 2022, 19(1): 60. |
| [2] |
李鹏鹏, 何飞, 袁中行, 1 494例老年肺结核患者临床特征及治疗效果分析[J]. 临床肺科杂志, 2024, 29(11): 1729-1734. |
| [3] |
郑小燕, 马琴, 陈永宏, HIV感染合并肺结核肺影像学CT特征与CD4+T细胞及病毒载量的相关性[J]. 中华医院感染学杂志, 2021, 31(2): 193-197. |
| [4] |
马瑶, 吴桂辉. 156例HIV/TB患者治疗转归及死亡危险因素分析[J]. 临床肺科杂志, 2019, 24(10): 1878-1882. |
| [5] |
昝清英, 群玛吉, 陈万露. HIV合并TB感染患者免疫重建炎性综合征危险因素及Th17/Treg变化[J]. 中华医院感染学杂志, 2021, 31(1): 38-42. |
| [6] |
卫生部传染病标准专业委员会. 艾滋病和艾滋病病毒感染诊断标准[J]. 中国艾滋病性病, 2012, 18(4): 272-275. |
| [7] |
刘蓉, 吴琦, 陈秀平, 基于"支气管结核的几点专家共识"的支气管结核临床分类研究[J]. 中华结核和呼吸杂志, 2010, 33(12): 896-899. |
| [8] |
中国性病艾滋病防治协会HIV合并结核病专业委员会. 人类免疫缺陷病毒感染/艾滋病合并结核分枝杆菌感染诊治专家共识[J]. 中华传染病杂志, 2022, 40(1): 6-19. |
| [9] |
中华医学会感染病学分会艾滋病学组. 艾滋病诊疗指南(2011版)(中华医学会感染病学分会艾滋病学组)[J]. 中华传染病杂志, 2011, 39(10): 629-640. |
| [10] |
颜淑妩, 刘军, 任琼, 2017—2021年衡阳市新报告HIV/AIDS流行特征分析[J]. 实用预防医学, 2023, 30(4): 416-419. |
| [11] |
蒋泽顺, 杨正贵, 李江平, HIV/AIDS患者结核潜伏感染的影响因素研究[J]. 中国全科医学, 2022, 25(30): 3796-3802. |
| [12] |
王杨中, 刘勤. 结核病合并HIV/AIDS患者抗结核治疗中肠道菌群变化分析[J]. 临床肺科杂志, 2020, 25(10): 1502-1506. |
| [13] |
de RESENDE N H, de MIRANDA S S, REIS A M M, et al. Factors associated with the effectiveness of regimens for the treatment of tuberculosis in patients coinfected with HIV/AIDS: cohort 2015 to 2019[J]. Diagnostics (Basel), 2023, 13(6): 1181. |
| [14] |
TANCREDI M V, SAKABE S, WALDMAN E A. Mortality and survival of tuberculosis coinfected patients living with AIDS in São Paulo, Brazil: a 12-year cohort study[J]. BMC Infect Dis, 2022, 22(1): 223. |
| [15] |
于洁, 马蕊, 石洪逹, 基于WoS的艾滋病合并感染结核治疗的研究现状及热点分析[J]. 预防医学情报杂志, 2022, 38(8): 1170-1179. |
| [16] |
张双梅, 李侠, 曹东冬, TB/HIV双重感染者并发结核相关性免疫炎症反应综合征临床分析[J]. 中国艾滋病性病, 2021, 27(8): 895-896. |
| [17] |
BATEMAN M, WOLF A, CHIMUKANGARA B, et al. Adherence measured using electronic dose monitoring is associated with emergent antiretroviral resistance and poor outcomes in people with human immunodeficiency virus/AIDS and Multidrug-Resistant tuberculosis[J]. Clin Infect Dis, 2022, 75(9): 1489-1496. |
| [18] |
桂琳, 张红燕, 黄琼, HIV/AIDS患者合并肺结核临床特征及预后影响因素分析[J]. 临床和实验医学杂志, 2023, 22(14): 1500-1503. |
| [19] |
殷韵, 申鹏悦, 钟世勇, 四川省凉山州HIV/AIDS患者抗病毒治疗服药依从性及其影响因素[J]. 中国艾滋病性病, 2021, 27(1): 17-20. |
| [20] |
李铃, 古雪, 敬雨佳, 人类免疫缺陷病毒,艾滋病病毒1型艾滋病患者CD4+T淋巴细胞水平与机会感染及病毒载量的相关性分析[J]. 中国现代医学杂志, 2016, 26(2): 13-18. |
| [21] |
张巍, 崔中峰. HIV合并结核杆菌感染患者病原菌分布情况及其耐药性分析[J]. 中华全科医学, 2017, 15(8): 1388-1391. |
| [22] |
张国钦, 曲婷, 孟庆琳, 我国结核病合并HIV/AIDS双重感染防治策略的实施进展[J]. 中国防痨杂志, 2025, 47(1): 12-17. |
| [23] |
郭静, 沈银忠. HIV感染/AIDS合并结核病的临床及免疫学特点研究进展[J]. 诊断学理论与实践, 2021, 20(4): 401-406. |
| [24] |
李榜龙, 刘意心, 李小玉, 艾滋病合并肺结核患者外周血中Th17/Treg、CD4+T细胞水平的临床意义及对预后的影响[J]. 中国皮肤性病学杂志, 2022, 36(7): 791-796. |
陕西省重点研发计划项目(No: 2022SF-580)
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |