血清CA125、CA19-9、CEA及外泌体PD-L1在晚期胃癌患者化疗疗效评估中的价值
顾丽琴 , 陈黎霞 , 沈丽磊
中国现代医学杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (24) : 103 -109.
血清CA125、CA19-9、CEA及外泌体PD-L1在晚期胃癌患者化疗疗效评估中的价值
Value of serum CA125, CA19-9, CEA, and exosomal PD-L1 in assessing chemotherapy efficacy in patients with advanced gastric cancer
目的 探讨血清糖类抗原125(CA125)、糖类抗原19-9(CA19-9)、癌胚抗原(CEA)及外泌体程序性死亡配体1(PD-L1)在评估晚期胃癌患者化疗疗效中的应用价值。 方法 本研究为回顾性研究,选取2019年2月—2020年2月于苏州市中西医结合医院确诊并接受化疗的52例晚期胃癌患者为观察组,根据化疗疗效分为敏感组(21例)与耐药组(31例)。收集两组晨间空腹外周静脉血,采用电化学发光免疫检测技术检测血清CA125、CA19-9、CEA水平,透射电镜观察外泌体形态,Western blotting检测外泌体标志物表达水平并对外泌体进行鉴定,用酶标仪检测外泌体PD-L1蛋白表达。 结果 耐药组患者CA125、CEA和CA19-9水平均高于敏感组(P <0.05)。耐药组PD-L1蛋白相对表达量低于敏感组(P <0.05)。血清CA125水平(rs =-0.697)、CEA水平(rs =-0.829)、CA19-9水平(rs =-0.850)与化疗疗效均呈负相关(P <0.05);外泌体PD-L1蛋白相对表达量与化疗疗效呈正相关(rs =0.721,P <0.05)。ROC曲线结果分析,血清CA125、CEA、CA19-9和外泌体PD-L1联合预测化疗疗效的敏感性为95.2%(95% CI:0.762,0.999),特异性为96.8%(95% CI:0.833,0.999),AUC为0.980(95% CI:0.945,1.000)。 结论 血清CA125、CA19-9、CEA及外泌体PD-L1可作为评估晚期胃癌患者化疗疗效的有效生物标志物。
Objective To explore the value of serum carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125), carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), as well as exosomal PD-L1, in assessing the chemotherapy efficacy in patients with advanced gastric cancer. Methods This study retrospectively included 52 patients diagnosed with advanced gastric cancer and treated with chemotherapy from February 2019 to February 2020 at Suzhou Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital as the observation group. Based on the chemotherapy response, these patients were divided into a chemotherapy-sensitive group (21 patients) and a chemotherapy-resistant group (31 patients). Serum samples were collected from two groups of subjects using fasting peripheral venous blood obtained in the morning. Electrochemiluminescent immunoassay was employed to measure serum CA125, CA19-9 and CEA levels. Transmission electron microscopy was used to observe exosome morphology. Western blotting was used to assess the expression levels of exosome markers and to characterize the exosomes, while microplate assays measured the PD-L1 protein expression in the exosomes. Results Patients in the chemotherapy-resistant group had higher serum levels of CA125, CEA, and CA19-9 than those in the chemotherapy-sensitive group (P < 0.05). The relative expression of PD-L1 protein in exosomes was lower in the chemotherapy-resistant group compared with the chemotherapy-sensitive group (P < 0.05). Serum CA125 (rs = -0.697), CEA (rs = -0.829), and CA19-9 (rs = -0.850) levels were negatively correlated with chemotherapy efficacy (P < 0.05), whereas the relative expression of exosomal PD-L1 protein was positively correlated with chemotherapy efficacy (rs = 0.721, P < 0.05). Analysis of the ROC curves showed that the combined use of serum CA125, CEA, CA19-9, and exosomal PD-L1 to predict chemotherapy response yielded a sensitivity of 95.2% (95% CI: 0.762, 0.999), a specificity of 96.8% (95% CI: 0.833, 0.999), and an AUC of 0.980 (95% CI: 0.945, 1.000). Conclusion Serum CA125, CA19-9, CEA, and exosomal PD-L1 may serve as effective biomarkers for evaluating chemotherapy efficacy in patients with advanced gastric cancer.
1.3.6 Western blotting检测外泌体PD-L1蛋白表达 取外泌体样本加入RIPA细胞裂解液,使用全自动低温研磨机进行研磨,离心后取上清液。将上清液分装为两份,一份进行蛋白浓度测定,一份进行Western blotting检测。取等量10 μg蛋白样品,用SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分离。电泳条件:浓缩胶电压120 V、30 min;分离胶电压80 V、60 min。利用湿式转印法在300 mA、120 min恒定电流下,将分离的蛋白从凝胶转移至PVDF膜上。转膜结束后,使用快速封闭液对PVDF膜进行封闭,室温下在摇床上孵育10 min以阻断非特异性结合位点。封闭后,用TBST缓冲液洗涤膜2次,10 min/次。将膜与兔源抗大鼠PDL1一抗及内参GAPDH(稀释比例均为1∶1 000)在4 ℃条件下孵育过夜。次日用TBST缓冲液洗涤膜3次,10 min/次,然后与辣根过氧化物酶标记的山羊抗兔IgG二抗(稀释比例为1∶5 000)在室温下孵育1 h。孵育后用TBST缓冲液洗涤膜3次,10 min/次。按照ECL化学发光试剂盒说明书进行显影反应,并使用Alpha View SA图像分析管理系统对目标蛋白条带的灰度值进行定量分析。
| [1] |
XIA C F, DONG X S, LI H, et al. Cancer statistics in China and United States, 2022: profiles, trends, and determinants[J]. Chin Med J (Engl), 2022, 135(5): 584-590. |
| [2] |
杨凤, 俞善春, 张宏侠, 血清CA199及CEA联合检测在Ⅳ期胃癌化疗疗效评估中的临床价值[J]. 长春中医药大学学报, 2022, 38(9): 1031-1034. |
| [3] |
何广思, 魏洁, 张健. 血清miRNA-183与CA199联合检测在胃癌诊断和预后评估中的价值[J]. 癌变.畸变.突变, 2023, 35(6): 457-461. |
| [4] |
张莹, 李静, 徐有青. 血清CEA、AFP、CA199、CA125联合检测诊断胃癌的ROC曲线分析及临床指导意义[J]. 湖南师范大学学报(医学版), 2022, 19(4): 84-87. |
| [5] |
ZENG J M, LI M, SHI H S, et al. Upregulation of FGD6 predicts poor prognosis in gastric cancer[J]. Front Med (Lausanne), 2021, 8: 672595. |
| [6] |
GUO S H, WANG E P, WANG B S, et al. Comprehensive multiomics analyses establish the optimal prognostic model for resectable gastric cancer : prognosis prediction for resectable GC[J]. Ann Surg Oncol, 2024, 31(3): 2078-2089. |
| [7] |
陈佳钰, 冯拥璞, 孔祥毓, CA72-4在胃癌早期筛查、诊断及预后预测中的研究进展[J]. 国际消化病杂志, 2022, 42(6): 335-338. |
| [8] |
张丹, 景文江, 张淑莲, GNRI对老年消化道肿瘤患者术后并发症和生存的预测价值研究[J]. 河北医科大学学报, 2022, 43(10): 1142-1146. |
| [9] |
XIE J, CHEN L, LIU Q, et al. Efficacy of chemoimmunotherapy versus chemotherapy for gastric cancer: a meta-analysis of survival outcomes[J]. Curr Med Chem, 2024, 31(18): 2649-2660. |
| [10] |
李阳, 王凯, 宋宗工. miR-330-3p和AXIN1295aa在胃癌组织中的表达及临床意义[J]. 中华全科医学, 2025, 23(3): 392-396. |
| [11] |
李向阳, 任磊, 梁瑞. 血清基质金属蛋白酶-9、基质金属蛋白酶-2水平对胃癌腹膜转移及预后的预测价值[J]. 陕西医学杂志, 2023, 52(2): 166-170. |
| [12] |
金怀平, 薛飞跃, 李振辉, 基于病理图像集成深度学习的胃癌预后预测方法[J]. 电子与信息学报, 2023, 45(7): 2623-2633. |
| [13] |
刘玉兰, 井海燕, 孙静, 胃癌免疫治疗疗效预测及预后标志物的研究进展[J]. 国际肿瘤学杂志, 2024, 51(3): 175-180. |
| [14] |
华科雷, 霍明科, 董志闯, 术前炎性标志物对Ⅰ~Ⅲ期根治性切除胃癌患者预后预测Nomogram模型的构建及验证[J]. 中华普通外科杂志, 2022, 37(10): 749-754. |
| [15] |
吴亮亮, 蔡明志, 王宝贵, 术前炎性反应和营养指标对胃癌预后的预测价值及其模型构建[J]. 中华胃肠外科杂志, 2023, 26(7): 680-688. |
| [16] |
周阳阳, 刘静, 朱叶青, 全身免疫炎症指数对HER2阴性晚期胃癌患者一线化疗疗效及生存结局的预测价值[J]. 中华全科医学, 2023, 21(12): 2031-2035. |
| [17] |
卢常青, 胡婷, 苏方, 阿帕替尼联合用药二线治疗晚期胃癌的疗效观察[J]. 中华全科医学, 2024, 22(3): 402-405. |
| [18] |
张俏, 周学志, 程赛, 外周血炎性指标在晚期胃癌免疫检查点抑制剂治疗效果及预后价值中的临床研究[J]. 中华全科医学, 2024, 22(2): 198-201. |
| [19] |
陆通, 房钰, 刘浩楠, 基于术前PIV、NLR和CEA水平对胃癌根治术后预后列线图预测模型的构建及评价[J]. 现代肿瘤医学, 2023, 31(10): 1869-1875. |
| [20] |
曹一鑫, 李峄清, 殷润婷. 胃癌组织中PRMT5的表达与临床病理特征和预后的关系[J]. 中国现代医学杂志, 2023, 33(6): 14-19. |
| [21] |
吕慧清, 申洪昌, 展博, 胃癌患者PD-L1蛋白表达与CD8+浸润淋巴细胞的相关性及预后预测价值[J]. 疑难病杂志, 2025, 24(5): 532-538. |
| [22] |
左学良, 陈志强, 董润雨, 联合检测LDHA和PD-L1在晚期胃癌PD-1抑制剂疗效预测及预后评估中的价值[J]. 中国癌症杂志, 2023, 33(5): 460-468. |
| [23] |
曲雅静, 宁涛, 李志宏, 外泌体递送miR-15a/16靶向PD-L1抑制胃癌免疫逃逸的分子机制研究[J]. 临床肿瘤学杂志, 2025, 30(2): 105-112. |
| [24] |
窦雅琳, 成伟丽, 孙明琪, NLR对PD-1抑制剂治疗HER2阴性晚期胃癌患者预后的预测价值分析[J]. 中国药师, 2024, 27(6): 1063-1071. |
| [25] |
徐瑞涛, 王秋实, 李松, PD-L1阴性及低表达晚期胃癌免疫检查点抑制剂应用临床研究进展[J]. 中华肿瘤防治杂志, 2024, 31(20): 1259-1265. |
江苏省自然科学基金面上项目(BK20231250)
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |