远隔缺血适应对急性缺血性脑卒中患者脑血流动力学及近期预后的影响
谭佳妮 , 陈禹 , 胡婉华 , 翟登月 , 董斌
中国现代医学杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (05) : 20 -26.
远隔缺血适应对急性缺血性脑卒中患者脑血流动力学及近期预后的影响
Effects of remote ischemic conditioning on cerebral hemodynamics and short-term prognosis in patients with acute ischemic stroke
目的 研究远隔缺血适应对急性缺血性脑卒中(AIS)患者脑血流动力学及近期预后的影响。 方法 前瞻性纳入2024年12月—2025年4月合肥市第一人民医院神经内科收治的80例AIS患者,随机分为治疗组和对照组。对照组予以标准药物治疗,治疗组在标准药物治疗的基础上进行远隔缺血适应治疗,1次/d,连续7 d。对比入院时和治疗7 d时两组患者双侧大脑中动脉经颅多普勒超声检测指标变化,包括收缩期峰值流速、平均流速、舒张末流速、血管搏动指数及血管阻力指数。比较两组病程90 d的转归良好构成,改良Rankin量表0~1分定义为转归良好。 结果 80例AIS患者中,68例(85%)完成了治疗,治疗组33例,对照组35例。两组的年龄、性别构成、吸烟构成、高血压构成、糖尿病构成、高脂血症构成、同型半胱氨酸水平、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平、入院时美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分、入院时改良Rankin量表和病程90 d患者功能转归良好构成比较,差异均无统计学意义(P >0.05)。治疗组治疗后右侧大脑中动脉血管搏动指数及血管阻力指数均低于对照组(P <0.05),治疗组治疗前后右侧大脑中动脉血管搏动指数及血管阻力指数的差值均大于对照组(P <0.05)。 结论 短期远隔缺血适应能够改善AIS患者的脑血流动力学,降低脑远端血管阻力,但对病程90 d的良好转归无明显影响,可能需要较长周期的适应性治疗以观察其近远期影响。
Objective To investigate the effect of remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) on cerebral hemodynamics and short-term prognosis in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Methods A total of 80 AIS patients admitted to the Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Hefei from December 2024 to April 2025 were prospectively enrolled and randomly divided into the treatment group and the control group using a random number table. The control group received standard drug therapy, while the treatment group received RIC once daily for 7 consecutive days on the basis of standard drug therapy. Transcranial Doppler (TCD) parameters of the bilateral middle cerebral arteries (MCAs) were compared between the two groups at admission and on day 7 of the disease course, including peak systolic velocity (PSV), mean flow velocity(MFV), end-diastolic velocity (EDV), pulsatility index (PI), and resistance index (RI). The proportion of patients with favorable outcomes at 90 days of the disease course was compared between the two groups; a modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score of 0 ~ 1 was defined as a favorable outcome. Results Among the 80 eligible AIS patients who were randomly assigned, 68 (85%) completed the trial, the treatment group 33 cases, the control group 35 cases. Baseline characteristics were well balanced between the treatment group and the control group. No statistically significant differences were found in age, gender composition, smoking rate, prevalence rates of hypertension, diabetes mellitus and hyperlipidemia, homocysteine level, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score on admission, mRS score on admission, or the rate of favorable functional outcome at 90 days after onset (all P > 0.05). Significant differences were observed in the changes (before vs. after treatment) of PI and RI of the right middle cerebral artery between the two groups (both P < 0.05). Specifically, the changes in PI and RI values of the right middle cerebral artery before and after treatment in the treatment group were greater than those in the control group. Conclusion Short-term RIC can improve cerebral hemodynamics and reduce distal cerebral vascular resistance in AIS patients, but it has no significant effect on favorable outcomes at 90 days of the disease course. A longer course of adaptive treatment may be required to observe its short-term and long-term effects.
| [1] |
GBD 2019 Demographics Collaborators. Global age-sex-specific fertility, mortality, healthy life expectancy (HALE), and population estimates in 204 countries and territories, 1950-2019: a comprehensive demographic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2019[J]. Lancet, 2020, 396(10258): 1160-1203. |
| [2] |
GBD 2016 Lifetime Risk of Stroke Collaborators, FEIGIN V L, NGUYEN G, et al. Global, regional, and country-specific lifetime risks of stroke, 1990 and 2016[J]. N Engl J Med, 2018, 379(25): 2429-2437. |
| [3] |
国家"百万减残工程"规范指导临床办公室, 中国老年医学学会脑血管病分会. 远隔缺血适应防治缺血性脑血管病中国专家共识[J]. 中华医学杂志, 2021, 101(25): 1953-1967. |
| [4] |
HOU C B, LAN J, LIN Y N, et al. Chronic remote ischaemic conditioning in patients with symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (the RICA trial): a multicentre, randomised, double-blind sham-controlled trial in China[J]. Lancet Neurol, 2022, 21(12): 1089-1098. |
| [5] |
AN H, MA H R, WU C J, et al. Remote ischemic conditioning improves cerebral hemodynamics in symptomatic intracranial atherosclerosis: a PET/CT-guided randomized controlled study[J]. J Neurosci Res, 2024, 102(3): e25324. |
| [6] |
XU J L, ZHANG Q, RAJAH G B, et al. Daily remote ischemic conditioning can improve cerebral perfusion and slow arterial progression of adult moyamoya disease-a randomized controlled study[J]. Front Neurol, 2022, 12: 811854. |
| [7] |
DING J Y, SHANG S L, SUN Z S, et al. Remote ischemic conditioning for the treatment of ischemic moyamoya disease[J]. CNS Neurosci Ther, 2020, 26(5): 549-557. |
| [8] |
SUN Y Y, ZHU H J, ZHAO R Y, et al. Remote ischemic conditioning attenuates oxidative stress and inflammation via the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway in MCAO mice[J]. Redox Biol, 2023, 66: 102852. |
| [9] |
WAN Y X, TENG X F, LI S Y, et al. Application of transcranial Doppler in cerebrovascular diseases[J]. Front Aging Neurosci, 2022, 14: 1035086. |
| [10] |
RAZUMOVSKY A Y, JAHANGIRI F R, BALZER J, et al. ASNM and ASN joint guidelines for transcranial Doppler ultrasonic monitoring: an update[J]. J Neuroimaging, 2022, 32(5): 781-797. |
| [11] |
中华医学会神经病学分会, 中华医学会神经病学分会脑血管病学组. 中国急性缺血性卒中诊治指南2023[J]. 中华神经科杂志, 2024, 57(6): 523-559. |
| [12] |
KAN X J, YAN Z Y, WANG F, et al. Efficacy and safety of remote ischemic conditioning for acute ischemic stroke: a comprehensive meta-analysis from randomized controlled trials[J]. CNS Neurosci Ther, 2023, 29(9): 2445-2456. |
| [13] |
EGGER S T, BOBES J, SEIFRITZ E, et al. Functional transcranial Doppler: selection of methods for statistical analysis and representation of changes in flow velocity[J]. Health Sci Rep, 2021, 4(4): e400. |
| [14] |
AYO-MARTIN O, GARCÍA-GARCÍA J, HERNÁNDEZ-FERNÁNDEZ F, et al. Cerebral hemodynamics in obesity: relationship with sex, age, and adipokines in a cohort-based study[J]. GeroScience, 2021, 43(3): 1465-1479. |
| [15] |
MAGYAR-STANG R, PÁL H, CSÁNYI B, et al. Assessment of cerebral autoregulatory function and inter-hemispheric blood flow in older adults with internal carotid artery stenosis using transcranial Doppler sonography-based measurement of transient hyperemic response after carotid artery compression[J]. GeroScience, 2023, 45(6): 3333-3357. |
| [16] |
HUANG S, JOSHI A, SHI Z Q, et al. Combined polygenic scores for ischemic stroke risk factors aid risk assessment of ischemic stroke[J]. Int J Cardiol, 2024, 404: 131990. |
| [17] |
ANDONE S, FARCZÁDI L, IMRE S, et al. Serum fatty acids are associated with a higher risk of ischemic stroke[J]. Nutrients, 2023, 15(3): 585. |
| [18] |
LIU W, MA X L, GU H Q, et al. Low estimated glomerular filtration rate explains the association between hyperhomocysteinemia and in-hospital mortality among patients with ischemic stroke/transient ischemic attack or intracerebral hemorrhage: results from the Chinese Stroke Center Alliance[J]. Int J Stroke, 2023, 18(3): 354-363. |
| [19] |
LI B, KOU Y S, ZHANG L N, et al. Hyperhomocysteinemia-driven ischemic stroke: unraveling molecular mechanisms and therapeutic horizons[J]. Food Sci Nutr, 2025, 13(7): e70517. |
| [20] |
YE Q, ZHAI F F, CHAO B H, et al. Rates of intravenous thrombolysis and endovascular therapy for acute ischaemic stroke in China between 2019 and 2020[J]. Lancet Reg Health West Pac, 2022, 21: 100406. |
| [21] |
HILKENS N A, CASOLLA B, LEUNG T W, et al. Stroke[J]. Lancet, 2024, 403(10446): 2820-2836. |
| [22] |
EMBERSON J, LEES K R, LYDEN P, et al. Effect of treatment delay, age, and stroke severity on the effects of intravenous thrombolysis with alteplase for acute ischaemic stroke: a meta-analysis of individual patient data from randomised trials[J]. Lancet, 2014, 384(9958): 1929-1935. |
| [23] |
SAVER J L, GOYAL M, van der LUGT A, et al. Time to treatment with endovascular thrombectomy and outcomes from ischemic stroke: a meta-analysis[J]. JAMA, 2016, 316(12): 1279-1288. |
| [24] |
CHEN H S, CUI Y, LI X Q, et al. Effect of remote ischemic conditioning vs usual care on neurologic function in patients with acute moderate ischemic stroke: the RICAMIS randomized clinical trial[J]. JAMA, 2022, 328(7): 627-636. |
| [25] |
LIU L, SUN X Y, CUI C, et al. The efficacy of remote ischemic conditioning for outcomes in ischemic stroke patients with or without prior stroke: a post hoc analysis of the RICAMIS trial[J]. Eur J Neurol, 2025, 32(1): e70032. |
| [26] |
GUO Z N, ABUDUXUKUER R, ZHANG P, et al. Safety and efficacy of remote ischemic conditioning in patients with intravenous thrombolysis: the SERIC-IVT trial[J]. Stroke, 2025, 56(2): 335-343. |
| [27] |
BLAUENFELDT R A, HJORT N, VALENTIN J B, et al. Remote ischemic conditioning for acute stroke: the RESIST randomized clinical trial[J]. JAMA, 2023, 330(13): 1236-1246. |
| [28] |
LI S J, XING X R, WANG L J, et al. Remote ischemic conditioning reduces adverse events in patients with acute ischemic stroke complicating acute myocardial infarction: a randomized controlled trial[J]. Crit Care, 2024, 28(1): 5. |
| [29] |
ZHAO W B, LIU R, YU W T, et al. Elevated pulsatility index is associated with poor functional outcome in stroke patients treated with thrombectomy: a retrospective cohort study[J]. CNS Neurosci Ther, 2022, 28(10): 1568-1575. |
| [30] |
SATO T, NIIJIMA A, ARAI A, et al. Middle cerebral artery pulsatility index correlates with prognosis and diastolic dysfunctions in acute ischemic stroke[J]. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis, 2022, 31(3): 106296. |
| [31] |
HUANG S F, PEI S T, HAN Y Q, et al. The role of TCD in assessing postoperative collateral development and Long-Term clinical outcome in moyamoya disease[J]. CNS Neurosci Ther, 2025, 31(3): e70245. |
| [32] |
BAKI E, KEHL V, TOPKA M, et al. Increased middle cerebral artery velocity predicts malignant media infarction after endovascular stroke thrombectomy[J]. Ther Adv Neurol Disord, 2025, 18: 17562864251374935. |
| [33] |
WANG Y, WANG Y H, CHEN H S. Dynamic transcranial Doppler monitoring predicts intracranial hemorrhage in patients with anterior circulation large vessel occlusion after endovascular treatment[J/OL]. J Neurointerv Surg. (2025-07-30)[2025-09-20]. https://doi.org/10.1136/jnis-2025-023629. |
| [34] |
ZHANG J, WANG L J, CHEN Y, et al. Non-invasive detection of diffuse intracranial vertebrobasilar artery stenosis: a prospective comparison with digital subtraction angiography[J]. Ultrasound Med Biol, 2022, 48(3): 554-564. |
| [35] |
JAZAYERI S B, SABAYAN B, PIRAHANCHI Y, et al. Transcranial doppler (TCD) in predicting outcomes following successful mechanical thrombectomy of large vessel occlusions in anterior circulation: a systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. J Neurointerv Surg, 2025, 17(12): 1325-1332. |
| [36] |
CUI Y, CHEN Y N, NGUYEN T N, et al. Duration of remote ischemic conditioning and outcome in acute ischemic stroke[J]. J Am Heart Assoc, 2024, 13(7): e033609. |
安徽省自然科学基金项目(2208085MH273)
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |