基于客观指标的不同强度运动康复对稳定型冠心病患者PCI术后的影响分析
韩雪 , 王佳旺 , 吴琼 , 贾朋聪 , 王磊
中国现代医学杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (05) : 104 -110.
基于客观指标的不同强度运动康复对稳定型冠心病患者PCI术后的影响分析
Analysis of the effects of exercise rehabilitation with different intensities based on objective indicators on patients with stable coronary heart disease after PCI
目的 探讨不同强度运动康复对稳定型冠心病患者经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)后的临床疗效。 方法 选取2023年3月—2025年3月沧州市中心医院收治的107例PCI术后稳定型冠心病患者作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为对照组[54例,接受中等强度持续训练(MICT)]与观察组[53例,接受高强度间歇训练(HIIT)]。比较两组患者的运动功能指标[(峰值摄氧量(VO2 peak)、无氧阈值(AT)、运动持续时间(ED)及峰值功率(PP)]、肺功能与耐力指标[最大自主通气量(MVV)、用力肺活量(FVC)、第一秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)及6分钟步行试验距离(6MWT)]、心功能指标[左室射血分数(LVEF)、左室收缩末内径(LVESD)及左室舒张末内径(LVEDD)]、生化指标[氨基末端脑钠肽前体(NT-proBNP)、超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、内皮素-1(ET-1)]及特异性生活质量[西雅图心绞痛调查量表(Seattle Angina Questionnaire, SAQ)中的身体受限、心绞痛频率、心绞痛稳定性3项]。 结果 观察组治疗前后VO2 peak、AT、ED及PP的差值均大于对照组(P <0.05)。观察组治疗前后MVV、FVC、FEV1及6MWT的差值均大于对照组(P <0.05)。观察组治疗前后LVEF、LVESD及LVEDD的差值均大于对照组(P <0.05)。观察组治疗前后NT-proBNP、hs-CRP及ET-1的差值均大于对照组(P <0.05)。观察组治疗前后身体受限、心绞痛频率、心绞痛稳定性评分的差值均大于对照组(P <0.05)。 结论 HIIT较MICT能更显著改善PCI术后患者心肺功能、促进心脏逆向重构、降低神经内分泌激活及炎症水平,并有效提升生活质量,推荐临床推广应用。
Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of exercise rehabilitation with different intensities in patients with stable coronary heart disease after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods From March 2023 to March 2025, a total of 107 patients with stable coronary heart disease after PCI admitted to this hospital were enrolled. Using a random number table method, they were divided into a control group (n = 54), which received moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT), and an observation group (n = 53), which received high-intensity interval training (HIIT). Exercise capacity indices, pulmonary function and endurance parameters, cardiac function indicators, biochemical markers, and disease-specific quality of life were compared between the two groups. Results The changes in VO2 peak, anaerobic threshold (AT), exercise duration (ED), and peak power (PP) were greater in the observation group than in the control group (P < 0.05). The improvements in maximal voluntary ventilation (MVV), forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), and 6-minute walk test (6MWT) were also greater in the observation group (P < 0.05). The observation group showed more pronounced increases in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and greater reductions in left ventricular end-systolic diameter (LVESD) and left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD) (P < 0.05). The decreases in N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and endothelin-1 (ET-1) were more significant in the observation group (P < 0.05). In addition, the change in Seattle Angina Questionnaire (SAQ) score was larger in the observation group than in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Compared with MICT, HIIT more effectively enhances cardiopulmonary function, promotes reverse cardiac remodeling, reduces neuroendocrine activation and inflammatory responses, and improves quality of life in patients after PCI. HIIT is recommended for wider clinical application.
| [1] |
韩国栋, 姚康, 魏志粱, 冠心病患者经皮冠状动脉介入治疗术后非靶病变进展危险因素的巢式病例对照研究[J]. 中国心血管病研究, 2025, 23(3): 260-265. |
| [2] |
CUI L J, HAN L J, WANG J, et al. Prevalence and characteristics of coronary microvascular dysfunction in post-percutaneous coronary intervention patients with recurrent chest pain[J]. Cardiovasc Diagn Ther, 2022, 12(2): 166-176. |
| [3] |
许娜娜, 许恒, 陈宗锐, 加味柴胡桂枝汤联合康复运动对冠心病PCI术后患者小而密低密度脂蛋白、脂蛋白a水平和疾病获益感的影响[J]. 中国现代医学杂志, 2024, 34(19): 8-13. |
| [4] |
OKUR I, AKSOY C C, YAMAN F, et al. Which high-intensity interval training program is more effective in patients with coronary artery disease?[J]. Int J Rehabil Res, 2022, 45(2): 168-175. |
| [5] |
朱元红, 夏林凤, 彭杰成, 高强度间歇运动对冠心病病人居家心脏康复影响的研究[J]. 蚌埠医学院学报, 2024, 49(12): 1670-1674. |
| [6] |
中华医学会心血管病学分会介入心脏病学组, 中华医学会心血管病学分会动脉粥样硬化与冠心病学组, 中国医师协会心血管内科医师分会血栓防治专业委员会, 稳定性冠心病诊断与治疗指南[J]. 中华心血管病杂志, 2018, 46(9): 680-694. |
| [7] |
韩雅玲, 徐凯. 解读中国PCI指南2009系列讲座(三)经皮冠状动脉介入治疗与药物治疗[J]. 中国介入心脏病学杂志, 2009, 17(4): 238-239. |
| [8] |
LEE S C, STEVENS T L, SANDBERG S M, et al. The potential of brain natriuretic peptide as a biomarker for New York Heart Association class during the outpatient treatment of heart failure[J]. J Card Fail, 2002, 8(3): 149-154. |
| [9] |
FLETCHER G F, ADES P A, KLIGFIELD P, et al. Exercise standards for testing and training: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association[J]. Circulation, 2013, 128(8): 873-934. |
| [10] |
李静, 常改. 西雅图量表测量冠心病患者生活质量的评价[J]. 中国公共卫生, 2004, 20(5): 594-594. |
| [11] |
聂佩, 张硕, 邓艳, 基于冠状动脉CT血管成像的斑块传统指标联合影像组学对急性心肌梗死罪犯斑块的诊断价值[J]. 中华放射学杂志, 2025, 59(9): 1017-1028. |
| [12] |
LI Y, FENG X, CHEN B Y, et al. Retrospective analysis of exercise capacity in patients with coronary artery disease after percutaneous coronary intervention or coronary artery bypass graft[J]. Int J Nurs Sci, 2021, 8(3): 257-263. |
| [13] |
JIN B Y, WANG T T, HUA C J, et al. Coronary microcirculatory dysfunction after percutaneous coronary intervention: pathogenesis, diagnosis, and therapeutic strategies[J]. Front Cardiovasc Med, 2025, 12: 1618242. |
| [14] |
WAN Q H, GUO T, LI J M, et al. A study of extracorporeal cardiac shock wave therapy combined with exercise rehabilitation in postoperative patients with PCI for CHD[J]. Sci Rep, 2025, 15(1): 21670. |
| [15] |
WANG J, ZHOU Y, HUANG W X, et al. A common-sense model-based nursing intervention improves exercise compliance in coronary heart disease: a randomized controlled trial and a pilot study[J]. Front Cardiovasc Med, 2025, 12: 1579015. |
| [16] |
MCGREGOR G, POWELL R, BEGG B, et al. High-intensity interval training in cardiac rehabilitation: a multi-centre randomized controlled trial[J]. Eur J Prev Cardiol, 2023, 30(9): 745-755. |
| [17] |
VESTERBEKKMO E K, AKSETØY I L A, FOLLESTAD T, et al. High-intensity interval training induces beneficial effects on coronary atheromatous plaques: a randomized trial[J]. Eur J Prev Cardiol, 2023, 30(5): 384-392. |
| [18] |
杨俊超, 卢智慧, 李祥鑫, 基于W'平衡模型的4分钟低量高强度间歇运动能量代谢特征分析[J]. 中国运动医学杂志, 2025, 44(5): 358-364. |
| [19] |
REED J L, TERADA T, COTIE L M, et al. The effects of high-intensity interval training, Nordic walking and moderate-to-vigorous intensity continuous training on functional capacity, depression and quality of life in patients with coronary artery disease enrolled in cardiac rehabilitation: a randomized controlled trial (CRX study)[J]. Prog Cardiovasc Dis, 2022, 70: 73-83. |
| [20] |
钟玲, 邢军, 赵保礼, 增强型体外反搏联合中强度间歇训练对冠心病心肺储备能力及运动耐力的影响[J]. 中国康复医学杂志, 2023, 38(4): 478-484. |
| [21] |
LUO C, LI L, HOU L, et al. Effects of tiered cardiac rehabilitation on CRP, TNF-α, and physical endurance in older adults with coronary heart disease[J]. Open Life Sci, 2025, 20(1): 20221040. |
| [22] |
陈婷, 胡元会, 薛文静, 冠心病心房颤动血瘀证患者心房颤动负荷与炎症趋化因子等客观指标的相关性研究[J]. 中国循证心血管医学杂志, 2023, 15(6): 689-693. |
| [23] |
ZHANG M, ALEMASI A, ZHAO M M, et al. Exercise training attenuates acute β-adrenergic receptor activation-induced cardiac inflammation via the activation of AMP-activated protein kinase[J]. Int J Mol Sci, 2023, 24(11): 9263. |
| [24] |
PATEL L, SEGAR M W, USMAN M S, et al. Frailty burden and efficacy of initial invasive strategy in chronic coronary disease: the ISCHEMIA trials[J]. J Am Geriatr Soc, 2025, 73(8): 2376-2385. |
| [25] |
崔维佳, 谢金洲, 罗炼, 高强度间歇训练心脏康复对冠心病患者PCI术后心脏功能及应激因子的影响[J]. 现代生物医学进展, 2021, 21(17): 3346-3349. |
2023年度河北省医学科学研究课题(20232110)
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |