伴节段性肾小球硬化的儿童原发性IgA肾病临床特征与病理改变的相关性分析
盛倩倩 , 何淑敏 , 张晓宇 , 丁桂霞
中国现代医学杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (11) : 1 -7.
伴节段性肾小球硬化的儿童原发性IgA肾病临床特征与病理改变的相关性分析
Clinicopathological analysis of IgA nephropathy with segmental glomerulosclerosis in children
目的 探讨伴节段性肾小球硬化的儿童原发性IgA肾病临床表现及病理改变之间的关系。 方法 回顾性分析2018年1月1日—2024年10月1日在南京医科大学附属儿童医院肾脏科经肾活检确诊的原发性IgA肾病患儿的临床资料。根据肾脏病理学的牛津MEST-C分型标准将患儿分为无节段性肾小球硬化组(S0组)和节段性肾小球硬化组(S1组),比较两组患儿的临床病理资料。采用Spearman法分析节段性肾小球硬化与各个指标的相关性;采用单因素分析及多因素一般Logistic回归模型分析节段性肾小球硬化的影响因素。 结果 共纳入145例IgA肾病患儿,男性102例(70.34%),女性43例(29.66%),男女比为2.37∶1。S0组81例,S1组64例。S1组的体质量指数(BMI)、高血压发生率、24 h尿蛋白定量(24 h-UP)、尿微量白蛋白(mAlb)、尿免疫球蛋白G(IgG)、尿微量白蛋白肌酐比值(ACR)、尿蛋白肌酐比值(UPCR)均高于S0组(P <0.05)。S1组Lee氏分级高于S0组(P <0.05),系膜细胞增生及新月体病变发生率均高于S0组(P <0.05)。Spearman相关分析结果显示,节段性肾小球硬化与BMI(rs =0.176,P =0.035)、血压(rs =0.225,P =0.006),24 h-UP(rs =0.165,P =0.047)、mAlb水平(rs =0.284,P =0.000)、尿IgG水平(rs =0.213,P =0.010)、ACR水平(rs =0.220,P =0.008)和UPCR水平(rs =0.194,P =0.020)均呈正相关。多因素一般Logistic回归分析显示,高血压[O^R =2.227(95% CI:1.115,4.448)]是节段性肾小球硬化的独立危险因素(P <0.05)。 结论 节段性肾小球硬化患儿常合并更高的BMI、血压和蛋白尿水平,且病理损伤更严重;高血压是节段性肾小球硬化的独立危险因素;对节段性肾小球硬化患儿加强血压和蛋白尿监测具有临床意义。
Objective To investigate the relationship between clinical manifestations and pathological changes of primary IgA nephropathy with segmental glomerulosclerosis in children. Methods Clinical data of children diagnosed with primary IgA nephropathy by renal biopsy at the Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from January 1, 2018 to October 1, 2024 were retrospectively analyzed.. Patients were divided into the non-segmental glomerulosclerosis (S0) and the segmental glomerulosclerosis (S1) groups according to the Oxford classification of kidney pathology. The clinical and pathological data of the two groups of children were compared. Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between segmental glomerulosclerosis and various indicators; univariate and multivariate binary Logistic regression analyses were performed to identify influencing factors for segmental glomerulosclerosis. Results 145 patients with IgA nephropathy included 43 females (29.66%) and 102 males (70.34%), with a male to female ratio of 2.37 : 1. In the S1 group, the body mass index (BMI), incidence of hypertension, 24-hour urinary protein excretion (24 h-UP), urinary microalbumin (mAlb), urinary immunoglobulin G (IgG), urinary albumin-creatinine ratio (ACR), and urinary protein-creatinine ratio (UPCR) were significantly higher than those in the S0 group (all P < 0.05). Pathologically, the Lee's classification grade in the S1 group was significantly higher than that in the S0 group (P < 0.05), and the incidences of mesangial cell hyperplasia and crescent formation were also significantly higher in the S1 group (both P < 0.05). Spearman correlation analysis showed that segmental glomerulosclerosis was positively correlated with BMI (rs = 0.176, P = 0.035), BP (rs = 0.225, P = 0.006), 24 h-UP (rs = 0.165, P = 0.047), mAlb level (rs = 0.284, P = 0.000), urinary IgG level (rs = 0.213, P = 0.010), ACR level (rs = 0.220, P = 0.008) and UPCR level (rs = 0.194, P = 0.020). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis revealed that hypertension [O^R = 2.227 (95% CI: 1.115, 4.448) ] was an independent risk factor for segmental glomerulosclerosis (P < 0.05). Conclusions Children with segmental glomerulosclerosis are often complicated with higher BMI, blood pressure, and proteinuria levels, as well as more severe pathological damage. Hypertension is an independent risk factor for segmental glomerulosclerosis. Strengthening blood pressure and proteinuria monitoring in children with segmental glomerulosclerosis has clinical significance.
| [1] |
中国医药卫生文化协会肾病与血液净化专业委员会. 原发性IgA肾病管理和治疗中国专家共识[J]. 中华肾病研究电子杂志, 2024, 13(1): 1-8. |
| [2] |
STAMELLOU E, SEIKRIT C, TANG S C W, et al. IgA nephropathy[J]. Nat Rev Dis Primers, 2023, 9(1): 67. |
| [3] |
CHEUNG C K, ALEXANDER S, REICH H N, et al. The pathogenesis of IgA nephropathy and implications for treatment[J]. Nat Rev Nephrol, 2025, 21(1): 9-23. |
| [4] |
PITCHER D, BRADDON F, HENDRY B, et al. Long-term outcomes in IgA nephropathy[J]. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol, 2023, 18(6): 727-738. |
| [5] |
PARK S, KIM H W, PARK J T, et al. Relationship between complement deposition and the Oxford classification score and their combined effects on renal outcome in immunoglobulin A nephropathy[J]. Nephrol Dial Transplant, 2020, 35(12): 2103-2137. |
| [6] |
ALLADIN-KARAN A, SAMUEL S M, WADE A W, et al. Is childhood IgA nephropathy different from adult IgA nephropathy? A narrative review[J]. Can J Kidney Health Dis, 2025, 12: 20543581251322571. |
| [7] |
KATAOKA H, MORIYAMA T, MANABE S, et al. Maximum glomerular diameter and Oxford MEST-C score in IgA nephropathy: the significance of time-series changes in pseudo-R2 values in relation to renal outcomes[J]. J Clin Med, 2019, 8(12): 2105. |
| [8] |
TRIMARCHI H, BARRATT J, CATTRAN DC, et al. Oxford Classification of IgA nephropathy 2016: an update from the IgA Nephropathy Classification Working Group[J]. Kidney Int, 2017, 91(5): 1014-1021. |
| [9] |
中华医学会儿科学分会肾脏学组. 原发性IgA肾病诊治循证指南(2016)[J]. 中华儿科杂志, 2017, 55(9): 643-646. |
| [10] |
陈楷柠, 杜悦. 肾小球滤过率公式在慢性肾脏病儿童中的应用[J]. 中国小儿急救医学, 2022, 29(12): 1016-1021. |
| [11] |
高春林, 章丹, 夏正坤, 2004-2017年单中心9925例儿童肾活检病理分析[J]. 中华肾脏病杂志, 2019, 35(3): 177-183. |
| [12] |
全国儿童常见肾脏病诊治现状调研工作组. 中国儿童IgA肾病治疗现状多中心回顾性研究[J]. 中华儿科杂志, 2013, 51(7): 486-490. |
| [13] |
邹佳, 龚雨顺, 罗姣姣, 肥胖相关性肾病诊疗研究进展[J]. 中国现代医学杂志, 2023, 33(9): 58-63. |
| [14] |
WU C W, WANG A Y, LI G S, et al. Association of high body mass index with development of interstitial fibrosis in patients with IgA nephropathy[J]. BMC Nephrol, 2018, 19(1): 381. |
| [15] |
WANG S Q, QIN A Y, DONG L Q, et al. Association of obesity with the development of end stage renal disease in IgA nephropathy patients[J]. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne), 2023, 14: 1094534. |
| [16] |
FOGO A B, HARRIS R C. Crosstalk between glomeruli and tubules[J]. Nat Rev Nephrol, 2025, 21(3): 189-199. |
| [17] |
JIANG Z M, WANG Y, ZHAO X, et al. Obesity and chronic kidney disease[J]. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, 2023, 324(1): E24-E41. |
| [18] |
朱付英, 李瑾, 阎其均, IgA肾病患者外周血microRNA-223、NLRP3水平与肾间质纤维化的相关性[J]. 中国现代医学杂志, 2022, 32(2): 32-37. |
| [19] |
白雅雯, 麻春杰. 炎症因子在IgA肾病中的研究进展[J]. 中国现代医学杂志, 2023, 33(3): 63-68. |
| [20] |
OH T R, CHOI H S, OH S W, et al. Association between the progression of immunoglobulin A nephropathy and a controlled status of hypertension in the first year after diagnosis[J]. Korean J Intern Med, 2022, 37(1): 146-153. |
| [21] |
LONGHITANO E, CALABRESE V, CASUSCELLI C, et al. Proteinuria and progression of renal damage: the main pathogenetic mechanisms and pharmacological approach[J]. Medicina (Kaunas), 2024, 60(11): 1821. |
| [22] |
Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) IgAN and IgAV Work Group. KDIGO 2025 clinical practice guideline for the management of immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) and immunoglobulin A vasculitis (IgAV) [J]. Kidney Int, 2025, 108(4S): S1-S71. |
| [23] |
AI Z, ZHOU Q, HUANG F X, et al. Long-term renal outcomes of IgA nephropathy presenting with different levels of proteinuria[J]. Clin Nephrol, 2020, 94(6): 290-296. |
| [24] |
LI M, ARMELLONI S, MATTINZOLI D, et al. Crosstalk mechanisms between glomerular endothelial cells and podocytes in renal diseases and kidney transplantation[J]. Kidney Res Clin Pract, 2024, 43(1): 47-62. |
| [25] |
SINGH A, SATCHELL S C. Microalbuminuria: causes and implications[J]. Pediatr Nephrol, 2011, 26(11): 1957-1965. |
| [26] |
辛姿锦. 尿微量白蛋白及β2微球蛋白在糖尿病肾脏早期损伤诊断中的价值[J]. 国际泌尿系统杂志, 2025, 45(2): 129-132. |
| [27] |
HUAN L, YUEZHONG L, CHAO W, et al. The urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio is a reliable indicator for evaluating complications of chronic kidney disease and progression in IgA nephropathy in China[J]. Clinics (Sao Paulo), 2016, 71(5): 243-250. |
| [28] |
DUAN S W, MEI Y, LIU J, et al. Predictive capabilities of three widely used pathology classification systems and a simplified classification (Beijing classification) in primary IgA nephropathy[J]. Kidney Blood Press Res, 2019, 44(5): 928-941. |
国家自然科学基金面上项目(82570813)
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |