脉冲式低剂量率放疗治疗复发性食管癌的疗效及对T淋巴细胞亚群的影响
逯宋梅 , 汪关雨 , 陈建兵 , 张巍
中国现代医学杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (16) : 82 -88.
脉冲式低剂量率放疗治疗复发性食管癌的疗效及对T淋巴细胞亚群的影响
Efficacy of pulsed low-dose-rate radiotherapy in the treatment of recurrent esophageal carcinoma and its effects on T lymphocyte subsets
目的 比较脉冲式低剂量率放疗(PLDR)与三维适形调强放疗(IMRT)对复发性食管癌的近期疗效及对外周血T淋巴细胞亚群的影响。 方法 选取2022年1月—2025年1月长治医学院附属和平医院收治的98例复发性食管癌患者,用随机数字表法分为观察组(PLDR)和对照组(IMRT),各49例。比较两组疗效、治疗后血清糖类抗原19-9(CA19-9)、癌胚抗原(CEA)、鳞状细胞癌抗原(SCC)、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)及外周血CD3+、CD4+、CD4+/CD8+、不良反应。 结果 观察组总有效率高于对照组(P <0.05)。观察组治疗后CA19-9、CEA、SCC、VEGF和MMP-9水平均低于对照组(P <0.05);两组治疗后CA19-9、CEA、SCC、VEGF和MMP-9水平均低于治疗前(P <0.05)。观察组治疗后CD3+、CD4+、CD4+/CD8+均高于对照组(P <0.05);两组治疗后CD3+、CD4+、CD4+/CD8+均高于治疗前(P <0.05)。观察组治疗后标准吞咽功能评定量表(SSA)评分低于对照组(P <0.05);两组治疗后SSA评分低于治疗前(P <0.05)。观察组急性放射性食管炎、急性放射性肺炎发生率及不良反应总发生率均低于对照组(P <0.05)。 结论 PLDR能够提高复发性食管癌的疗效,改善患者吞咽功能,下调CA19-9、CEA、SCC等肿瘤微环境因子,保护T淋巴细胞免疫功能,并降低重度放射性损伤的发生率。
Objective To compare the short-term efficacy of pulsed low-dose-rate radiotherapy (PLDR) and three-dimensional conformal intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) in the treatment of recurrent esophageal carcinoma, and to assess their effects on peripheral blood T-lymphocyte subsets. Methods A total of 98 patients with recurrent esophageal cancer admitted to Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College between January 2022 and January 2025 were selected and randomized using a random number table into an observation group (PLDR) and a control group (IMRT), each comprising 49 patients. The efficacy, post-treatment serum carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), peripheral blood CD3+, CD4+, and CD4+/CD8+, and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. Results The overall response rate in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05). Following treatment, levels of CA19-9, CEA, SCC, VEGF and MMP-9 in the observation group were all lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). In both groups, levels of CA19-9, CEA, SCC, VEGF and MMP-9 were lower after treatment than before treatment (P < 0.05). In the observation group, levels of CD3+, CD4+, and CD4+/CD8+ were all higher than in the control group after treatment (P < 0.05). In both groups, levels of CD3+, CD4+, and CD4+/CD8+ were all higher after treatment than before treatment (P < 0.05). The SSA score in the observation group after treatment was lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). The SSA scores in both groups after treatment were lower than those before treatment (P < 0.05). The incidence of acute radiation esophagitis, acute radiation pneumonitis and the overall incidence of adverse reactions were all lower in the observation group than in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion PLDR can enhance the efficacy of treatment for recurrent esophageal cancer, improve patients' swallowing function, downregulate tumor microenvironment factors such as CA19-9, CEA and SCC, protect T-lymphocyte immune function, and reduce the incidence of severe radiation damage.
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山西省科技战略研究专项计划(202404030401171)
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