马铃薯块茎淀粉性状调控功能基因研究进展

摘要

淀粉是人类饮食中碳水化合物的首要来源,对保障生命发挥重要作用。已知的作物淀粉积累机制研究集中于谷类和豆科作物种子。马铃薯作为重要主粮作物之一,其收获器官——块茎由茎变态而成,其淀粉积累机制可能存在差异。因此,为了深入马铃薯块茎淀粉积累机制的研究,迫切需进行系统性的调研,了解马铃薯淀粉调控功能基因的最新研究进展。详细列举了近年国内外与马铃薯淀粉调控相关并功能验证的基因研究结果,比较了转基因、编辑材料的表型变化差异,明确了功能基因影响淀粉的具体性状；结合已有模式植物淀粉调控网络,以淀粉合成和淀粉降解两个阶段对功能基因进行划分,构建马铃薯块茎淀粉积累可能的分子调控机制图,确定具有基因工程应用潜力的基因,同时,对当前马铃薯淀粉功能基因研究及应用进行问题分析和展望,旨在为特定淀粉性状改良的基因工程应用提供参考。

关键词

马铃薯淀粉 / 淀粉合成 / 淀粉降解 / 调控基因 / 基因工程应用

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基金资助

内蒙古自治区科技计划项目(2024KJHZ0010)

国家自然科学基金国际(地区)合作与交流项目(32361143517)