Adam(adaptive moment estimation)是一种结合了动量方法和自适应学习率的优化算法。与传统的梯度下降方法相比,Adam在处理稀疏梯度和大规模数据时表现尤为突出[22]。使用Adam优化器能根据反向传播过程中计算出的梯度,更新GAT模型中的每一层的参数,从而在训练过程中提高模型的收敛速度并避免过大的梯度更新。Adam优化器的参数更新公式为
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