2.Engineering Research Center for the Safe Exploitation and Comprehensive Utilization of Mineral Resources at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,Hulunbuir 021000,China
3.The School of Technology,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China
4.Key Laboratory of Forestry Equipment and Automation,National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Beijing 100083,China
In forest harvesting operations, transportation routing and task scheduling are highly coupled. Traditional single-objective optimization approaches often fail to balance operational efficiency with ecological impact. This study proposes a multi-objective scheduling method integrating ecological disturbance control for coordinated optimization of harvesting and transportation. A multi-objective model is developed to minimize total transportation distance, makespan, and surface disturbance. Road-level disturbance coefficients and regional sensitivity factors are prominently introduced for refined assessment of surface disturbance. An improved non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm Ⅱ (NSGA-Ⅱ) is employed, utilizing specific encoding and evolutionary strategies for multi-objective optimization. Simulation results show that the proposed method reduces transportation distance by approximately 14.3% and surface disturbance by nearly 32% compared to greedy and ACO-based algorithms, while maintaining comparable completion times. The multi-objective compromise solution demonstrates superior to single objective extreme solutions in terms of the balance of three indicators. The method effectively reduces environmental disturbance without significantly sacrificing efficiency, achieves efficient coordination between scheduling optimization of forest harvesting tasks and ecological control, and is suitable for smart forestry scheduling scenarios under ecological constraints and showcasing strong potential for practical application.
由于难以直接优化含最大值运算的目标函数,故本研究将含有最大值运算(max)的目标函数通过辅助变量与线性约束进行等价转换,以便将其纳入标准的混合整数线性规划(mixed integer linear programming,MILP)求解框架中。引入辅助变量T替代原始目标中的最大值,增加如下线性约束,公式为
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