In the wood furniture market tends to be saturated at the moment, the competition between the supply chains of wood furniture manufacturing enterprises has become more and more prominent, and the optimization of competitive strategy has become a core proposition to determine the survival and development of enterprises. This paper takes the product life cycle theory as the basis, takes two wooden furniture manufacturing enterprise supply chains as the research object, takes the wooden furniture product price, log cost, online and offline publicity cost as the decision variables of the utility function, and introduces the fuzzy stochastic method to deal with the sensitivity coefficients in the function, and studies the wooden furniture manufacturing enterprise supply chain competition strategy in different life stages through Nash game and Stankelberg game method, combined with the omnichannel retail structure. The study shows that: the utility value is higher under the Stankelberg game, which is about 4% higher than that of the Nash game; the utility of the two wooden furniture manufacturing enterprises will decrease with the development of the life stage of the wooden furniture under different games; the wooden furniture manufacturing enterprises should dynamically adjust their competitive strategies according to the life cycle stage of the products, and give priority to the use of differentiated pricing and cost control strategies, especially in the introduction period and the development period.
在智能化、绿色化的发展浪潮中,传统木质家具产品淘汰周期已大幅缩短[15]。从理论层面上,与经典的产品生命周期理论(product life cycle,PLC)相契合,该理论将产品的市场历程划分为引入、成长、成熟和衰退4个阶段[16-18]。然而既有文献对该理论的应用聚焦在木质家具环保评估方面,忽略了木质家具的市场销售,如邱棋[19]以产品生命周期评价为方法对环保型家具设计要素进行了分析和建议,江映其等[20]运用生命周期评价方法,对家具企业生产的木质家具进行环境影响评价。
若2条供应链中的木质家具制造企业处于不同产品生命阶段,则意味着在竞争格局中,其中一条供应链处于产品生命周期的较晚阶段,例如供应链1处于成长期,而供应链2处于产品生命周期中的引入期。根据产品生命周期理论(product life cycle,PLC),处于较晚生命阶段的供应链产品处于优势的领先地位,这时供应链之间的竞争博弈会以斯坦克尔伯格博弈(SG)形式进行,2条供应链采用不同的供应链竞争策略。木质家具制造企业供应链在不同生命周期阶段竞争博弈结构与类型如图2所示。
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