To clarify the differences in carbon sequestration capacity of Larix gmelinii forests along different latitudinal gradients and their influencing factors, Larix gmelinii forests at nine sites with different latitudes across the Daxing’anling, Xiaoxing’anling, and Changbai Mountains in Northeast China (Huanren, Helong, Lushuihe, Qinghe, Dailing, Wuying, Jiagedaqi, Xinlin, and Mohe) were selected as study subjects. Using a forest inventory method, vegetation carbon density, soil organic carbon density, and annual carbon sequestration rate were quantified, and the influence of stand structure and climatic factors on carbon sequenstration capacity was analyzed. The results showed that vegetation carbon density and annual vegetation carbon sequestration rate across the nine sites ranged from 22.44-126.69 t/hm2 and 1.05-4.27 t C/(hm2·a), respectively, both exhibiting significant regional differences (P < 0.05), with the Lesser Khingan Mountains showing the highest annual sequestration rate. Soil organic carbon contents at depths of 0-10 cm, 10-20, 20-30, 30-40, and 40-50 cm ranged from 71.61-91.21, 15.09-44.94, 5.99-24.21, 3.07-14.55 mg/g, and 2.55-11.96 mg/g, respectively. Soil organic carbon content decreased significantly with increasing depth, showing no significant differences among regions at 0-10 cm but significant differences at deeper layers. Soil carbon density and total carbon density ranged from 18.41-113.87 t/hm² and 40.89-219.81 t/hm², respectively, both differing significantly among regions. Vegetation carbon density and annual carbon sequestration rate were significantly correlated with latitude, mean annual temperature, and mean diameter at breast height (P < 0.05), but showed no correlation with annual precipitation (P > 0.05). These findings indicate that favorable climatic conditions and stable stand structure enhance the carbon accumulation capacity of larch forests.
由图3可知,不同纬度地区落叶松林植被年均固碳量存在极其显著差异(F8,18=12.53,P<0.001),随纬度升高年均固碳量呈现先上升后下降的趋势,在清河地区达到最大值3.18~4.27 t C/(hm2·a)。长白山山脉、小兴安岭地区和大兴安岭地区植被年均固碳量波动范围分别为1.62~2.99、2.11~4.28、1.05~2.30 t C/(hm2·a)。总体而言,小兴安岭地区具有较大的年均固碳量。
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