1.College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Liaoning Technical University,Fuxin 123000,China
2.Institute of Land Degradation and Ecological Restoration,Liaoning Technical University,Fuxin 123000,China
3.Institute of Sandy Land Control and Utilization,Fuxin 123000,China
4.Institute of Applied Ecology,Chinese Academy of Science,Shenyang 110016,China
5.Fuxin Revitalization Development Research Institute,Liaoning Technical University,Fuxin 123000,China
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文章历史+
Received
Published
2025-12-01
2026-09-20
Issue Date
2026-11-13
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摘要
为探究科尔沁沙地防风固沙林主要造林树种人工林对林下土壤化学和生物学性质的差异化影响,以章古台地区19年生的樟子松(Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica)、油松(Pinus tabuliformis)和小钻杨(Populus xiaozhuanica)人工林为研究对象,分析林下土壤化学和生物学指标间的差异及其相关关系。结果表明,在0~20 cm土层,小钻杨人工林的土壤镁离子质量摩尔浓度显著高于樟子松人工林43.88%,钠离子质量摩尔浓度分别是樟子松人工林和油松人工林4.40倍和2.87倍,差异显著(P<0.05),碳磷比(C∶P)显著高于樟子松人工林23.39%。β-葡萄糖苷酶活性分别显著高于樟子松人工林78.17%和油松人工林89.02%,乙酰氨基葡萄糖苷酶活性是樟子松人工林的2.16倍,差异显著(P<0.05),细菌生物量显著高于樟子松人工林42.30%,革兰氏阴性菌生物量分别显著高于樟子松人工林69.55%和油松人工林61.47%。该层次的樟子松人工林土壤纤维素水解酶活性和过氧化物酶活性分别是小钻杨人工林的2.00倍和1.58倍,差异显著(P<0.05)。在20~60 cm土层,小钻杨人工林土壤有机碳储量和矿质结合有机碳储量分别显著高于樟子松人工林53.47%~54.97%和59.08%~62.55%,而樟子松在60~100 cm土层土壤颗粒有机碳储量是小钻杨人工林的2.55倍,差异显著(P<0.05)。通过深入探究不同林分类型对土壤化学、生物学性质的差异化影响机制,揭示沙地土壤C∶P是解释土壤微生物群落功能的关键因子;小钻杨人工林能够显著提升表层土壤肥力,樟子松人工林在深层土壤的长期碳封存中更具优势,可根据不同的生态修复目标合理配置不同的树种。
Abstract
To assess the differential effects of major afforestation species on soil chemical and biological properties in windbreak and sand-fixation forests of the Horqin Sandy Land, this study examined 19-year-old plantations of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica, Pinus tabuliformis, and Populus xiaozhuanica in the Zhanggutai region. Soil chemical and biological indicators were analyzed to determine interspecific variation and their correlations. The results revealed that in the 0-20 cm soil layer, the soil Mg2+ concentration in P.xiaozhuanica was significantly higher than in P.sylvestris var. mongolica plantations by 43.88%. The Na+ concentration was 4.40 times and 2.87 times that of P.sylvestris var. mongolica and P.tabuliformis plantations, with significant differences (P<0.05). The C:P ratio was significantly higher than in P.sylvestris var. mongolica plantations by 23.39%. The β-glucosidase activity was significantly higher than in P.sylvestris var. mongolica and P.tabuliformis plantations by 78.17% and 89.02%. The N-acetylglucosaminidase activity was 2.16 times that of P.sylvestris var. mongolica plantations, with significant differences (P<0.05). The bacterial biomass was significantly higher than in P.sylvestris var. mongolica plantations by 42.30%, and the gram-negative bacterial biomass was significantly higher than that in P.sylvestris var. mongolica and P.tabuliformis plantations by 69.55% and 61.47%, respectively. In the same layer, the soil cellulase hydrolysis activity and peroxidase activity in P.sylvestris var. mongolica plantations were 2.00 times and 1.58 times that of Populus xiaozhuanica plantations, with significant differences(P<0.05). In the 20-60 cm soil layer, soil organic carbon storage and mineral-associated organic carbon storage in Populus xiaozhuanica were significantly higher than in P.sylvestris var. mongolica plantations by 53.47%- 54.97% and 59.08%-62.55%, respectively. In the 60-100 cm layer, the soil organic carbon storage in P.sylvestris var. mongolica plantations was 2.55 times that of Populus xiaozhuanica plantations, with significant difference(P<0.05). By delving into the differential impacts of various forest types on soil chemical and biological properties, this study reveals that the soil C:P ratio in sandy lands serves as a critical factor explaining the functionality of soil microbial communities. Populus xiaozhuanica plantations significantly enhance the fertility of surface soil, while P.sylvestris var. mongolica plantations demonstrate greater advantages in long-term carbon sequestration within deeper soil layers. Different tree species can thus be rationally allocated based on specific ecological restoration objectives.
在垂直分布上,小钻杨人工林SOCstock在不同土层之间存在显著差异(P<0.05),其中20~40 cm质量分数高于0~20 cm 70.20%,提示其碳输入和稳定过程在亚表层更为活跃。樟子松人工林和油松人工林POCstock在不同土层之间存在显著差异(P<0.05),其中樟子松人工林POCstock在60~80 cm分别是0~20、20~40、40~60、80~100 cm的3.09、2.33、2.24、2.41倍,油松人工林POCstock在20~40 cm是0~20 cm的2.12倍。对于MAOCstock,小钻杨人工林和油松人工林在不同土层之间存在显著差异(P<0.05),其中小钻杨人工林MAOCstock在20~40 cm高于0~20 cm 65.97%,油松人工林MAOCstock分别在20~40 cm和60~80 cm高于0~20 cm 86.96%和60.14%。这些结果共同表明,不同树种通过调控碳在颗粒态和矿质结合态之间的分配以及在垂直土层中的分布,塑造了差异化的土壤碳稳定机制。
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