多场耦合下 NH₃/H₂ 微通道预混燃烧与结构优化

NH₃/H₂ Microchannel Premixed Combustion and Structural Optimization with Multi-Physics Coupling

摘要

掺混氢气(H₂)可改善氨(NH₃)的燃烧特性并强化微尺度燃烧.然而,NH₃/H₂ 掺混燃烧的多物理场耦合机制尚不明确,且存在 NO_x 排放高的挑战.因此,基于多物理场耦合探究平板微通道内 NH₃/H₂ 预混燃烧特性及 NO_x 生成排放规律,并对燃烧器进行了结构优化.研究验证了 28 组分 213 步反应机理的适用性,分析了当量比(0.9～1.2)、掺氨比(70%～90%)、进气温度(1 100～1 300 K)和速度(0.2～0.6 m/s)对燃烧和污染物的影响.通过结构优化发现增大通道高度以及加入突扩台阶均可提高燃烧稳定性并降低 NO_x 排放.

Abstract

Blending hydrogen (H₂) can improve the combustion characteristics of ammonia (NH₃) and enhance micro-scale combustion. However, the multi-physics coupling mechanisms in NH₃/H₂ blended combustion are still not fully understood, and high NO_x emissions remain a challenge. Therefore, this study investigates the premixed combustion characteristics and NO_x formation/emission behavior of NH₃/H₂ in a planar micro-channel based on a multi-physics coupling approach, and further optimizes the burner structure. A reaction mechanism comprising 28 species and 213 elementary steps was validated for applicability. The effects of equivalence ratio (0.9—1.2), ammonia blending ratio (70%—90%), inlet temperature (1 100—1 300 K), and inlet velocity (0.2—0.6 m/s) on combustion and pollutant emissions were analyzed. Structural optimization revealed that both increasing the channel height and adding a backward-facing step can improve combustion stability and reduce NO_x emissions.

关键词

氨氢燃烧 / 多物理场 / 预混燃烧 / 数值模拟 / NO_x 排放

Key words

ammonia-hydrogen combustion / multiphysics / premixed combustion / numerical simulation / NO_x emissions

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基金资助

清华大学山西清洁能源研究院中试示范技术“揭榜挂帅”项目(2023JZ0501001)