一体化加力燃烧室锥形雾化喷嘴喷雾特性研究

Spray Characteristics of Conical Atomizing Nozzles in Integrated Afterburner

摘要

针对一体化加力燃烧室中锥形雾化喷嘴的燃油喷雾特性展开实验研究,分析了横向来流速度和供油压差对喷雾宏观与微观特性的影响．通过 LIF/Mie 技术,研究发现锥形雾化喷嘴的喷雾形态受 Rayleigh-Taylor 和 Kelvin-Helmholtz 不稳定现象主导,喷雾顶端雾化效果较好,但受横向来流影响显著．增大供油压差可提升喷雾投影面积和液滴速度,但会导致液滴粒径增大；提高横向来流速度至 30 m/s,能减小液滴粒径至 60 μm 以下．此外,支板结构虽增大了液滴尺寸,但拓宽了喷雾分布范围．

Abstract

Experimental research was conducted on the fuel spray characteristics of conical atomizing nozzles in an integrated afterburner, analyzing the effects of transverse flow velocity and fuel supply pressure difference on the macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of the spray. Through LIF/Mie technology, it was found that the spray morphology of the conical atomizing nozzle was dominated by Rayleigh-Taylor and Kelvin-Helmholtz instability phenomena. The atomization effect at the top of the spray was good, but it was significantly affected by the transverse flow. Increasing the fuel supply pressure difference could increase the spray projection area and droplet velocity, but it would lead to an increase in droplet size. Increasing the transverse flow velocity to 30 m/s could reduce the droplet size to below 60 μm. In addition, although the baffle structure increased the droplet size, it broadened the spray distribution range.

关键词

一体化加力燃烧室 / 锥形喷嘴 / 喷雾特性 / 横向来流速度 / 供油压力

Key words

integrated afterburner / conical nozzle / spray characteristics / lateral incoming flow velocity / fuel supply pressure

参考文献

[1] 白青松, 吴阳, 侯力. 某航空燃油喷嘴雾化特性分析及结构优化[J]. 上海交通大学学报, 2023, 57(1): 84-92.

[2] Bai Qingsong, Wu Yang, Hou Li. Atomization characteristics analysis and structure optimization of an aviation fuel nozzle[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 2023, 57(1): 84-92(in Chinese).

[3] 徐会, 康仁科, 陈燕. 磁力研磨法去除燃油喷嘴积碳的试验研究[J]. 航空学报, 2020, 41(2): 60-71.

[4] Xu Hui, Kang Renke, Chen Yan. Experimental study on removing carbon from fuel nozzles by magnetic grinding[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2020, 41(2): 60-71(in Chinese).

[5] Kim S, Khil T, Kim D, et al. Effect of geometric parameters on the liquid film thickness and air core formation in a swirl injector[J]. Measurement Science and Technology, 2008, 20(1): 015403.

[6] De Corso D E, Kemeny G A. Effect of ambient and fuel pressure on nozzle spray angle[J]. Transactions of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1957, 79(3): 607-614.

[7] De Corso S M. Effect of ambient and fuel pressure on spray drop size[J]. Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power, 1960, 82(1): 10-18.

[8] 刘祺, 夏津, 黄忠, 等. 航空发动机离心式喷嘴宏观喷雾特性[J]. 推进技术, 2021, 42(2): 362-371.

[9] Liu Qi, Xia Jin, Huang Zhong, et al. Macro spray characteristics of pressure—swirl nozzle in aero—engine[J]. Journal of Propulsion Technology, 2021, 42(2): 362-371(in Chinese).

[10] 林爽, 吴榕, 郑睿书. 加力燃烧室一体化设计[J]. 航空动力, 2020(6): 31-34.

[11] Lin Shuang, Wu Rong, Zheng Ruishu. Integrated design of afterburner[J]. Aerospace Power, 2020(6): 31-34(in Chinese).

[12] 张宇, 东明, 穆林, 等. 加力燃烧室性能提升技术研究[J]. 航空动力, 2024(2): 29-32.

[13] Zhang Yu, Dong Ming, Mu Lin, et al. Performance enhancement technology of afterburner[J]. Aerospace Power, 2024(2): 29-32(in Chinese).

[14] 夏姣辉, 杨谦, 王慧汝, 等. 涡扇发动机加力燃烧技术发展分析[J]. 航空动力, 2020(4): 17-21.

[15] Xia Jiaohui, Yang Qian, Wang Huiru, et al. Development analysis to afterburner combustion technology of turbofan[J]. Aerospace Power, 2020(4): 17-21(in Chinese).

[16] 张权, 刘玉英, 谢奕, 等. 侧喷式一体化支板火焰稳定器液雾分布试验[J]. 航空动力学报, 2023, 38(3): 607-617.

[17] Zhang Quan, Liu Yuying, Xie Yi, et al. Experiment on spray distribution of an integrated strut flameholder with cross injection[J]. Journal of Aerospace Power, 2023, 38(3): 607-617(in Chinese).

[18] 王于蓝, 穆勇, 卢海涛, 等. 涡轮级间燃油雾化特性数值研究[J]. 推进技术, 2019, 40(4): 825-834.

[19] Wang Yulan, Mu Yong, Lu Haitao, et al. Numerical study on fuel atomization characteristics in turbine stages[J]. Journal of Propulsion Technology, 2019, 40(4): 825-834(in Chinese).

[20] 马朝, 黎明, 索建秦, 等. 某离心式喷嘴雾化特性及优化设计研究[J]. 航空工程进展, 2017, 8(1): 58-67.

[21] Ma Zhao, Li Ming, Suo Jianqin, et al. Study on atomization characteristic and optimum of design of a centrifugal nozzle[J]. Advances in Aeronautical Science and Engineering, 2017, 8(1): 58-67(in Chinese).

[22] Chen Jian, Fan Enxi. Experimental and simulation study on the pool fire of low pressure atomizing nozzle[J]. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2020, 1600(1): 012006.

[23] Huang Shengfang, Wu Yun, Zhang Kai, et al. Experimental investigation of spray characteristics of gliding arc plasma airblast fuel injector[J]. Fuel, 2021, 293(1—6): 120382.

[24] Lefebvre A H, Ballal D R, Bahr D W. Gas turbine combustion: Alternative fuels and emissions[J]. Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines & Power, 2010, 132(11): 116501.

[25] Canny John. A computational approach for edge detection[J]. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 1986, 8(6): 679-698.

[26] Schulreich M M, Breitschwerdt D. The time—dependent Rayleigh—Taylor instability in interstellar shells and supershells, including the eROSITA bubbles[J]. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 2021, 509(1): 716-737.

[27] Zanella R, Tellier R L, Plapp M, et al. Three—dimensional numerical simulation of droplet formation by Rayleigh—Taylor instability in multiphase corium[J]. Nuclear Engineering and Design, 2021, 379: 111177.

[28] Li Yaoting, Huang Yongcheng, Luo Kun, et al. Development and validation of an improved atomization model for GDI spray simulations: Coupling effects of nozzle—generated turbulence and aerodynamic force[J]. Fuel, 2021, 299: 120871.

[29] Zhao Hui, Wu Zhaowei, Li Weifeng, et al. Transition Weber number between surfactant—laden drop bag breakup and shear breakup of secondary atomization[J]. Fuel, 2018, 221: 138-143.

[30] Kashdan J T, Shrimpton J S, Whybrew A. Two—phase flow characterization by automated digital image analysis(Part 2): Application of PDIA for sizing sprays[J]. Particle & Particle Systems Characterization, 2004, 21(1): 15-23.

基金资助

国家自然科学基金资助项目(52276142)