马帅,中国农业大学副教授,硕士生导师,清华大学博士后,主要从事林果(葡萄)生产管理机械化关键技术与智能装备、农业机器人技术等研究。目前主持国家级/省部级项目5项,包括国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目、中国博士后科学基金特别资助项目、江苏省卓越博士后计划资助项目和江苏省集萃博士人才项目,作为研究骨干参与国家级/省部级项目4项,在国内外知名学术期刊Computers and Electronics in Agriculture、Biosystems Engineering、Journal of Food Engineering、《农业工程学报》、《农业机械学报》等发表SCI/EI论文22篇,其中中国科学院一区TOP期刊7篇,EI论文13篇,获得授权发明专利10项,实用新型专利24项,获批软件著作权9项,参与制定发布团体标准8项。
College of Engineering,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100083,China
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文章历史+
Received
Accepted
Published
2025-07-15
2026-03-07
2026-08-01
Issue Date
2026-09-04
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摘要
针对设施葡萄园采收环节作业机械化程度低、现有葡萄采收机器人作业效率低的问题,本研究设计了一种基于机器视觉的设施葡萄自动采收机。提出了基于果穗位置信息的平均切割位置定位算法与采收执行系统控制算法;构建了基于YOLOv5的葡萄果穗识别模型,并通过田间试验确定了机器最佳作业参数,系统评估了其采收效能。结果表明:所构建的葡萄果穗识别模型F1分数达0.95,均值平均精度(mean Average Precision, mAP)为0.98,田间识别准确率Rr为95.35%;该机能够在底盘前进过程中完成采收执行系统定位与果穗收获作业。当前进速度为1 km/h时采收效果最优,采收成功率Rh达91.68%,采收损伤率Rb为3.99%,单穗采收效率Re为0.91 s。本研究为设施葡萄的智能化、高效低损采收提供了一套创新的技术方案,对推进设施葡萄生产机械化发展具有参考价值。
Abstract
To address the low level of mechanization level in the harvesting of protected vineyards and the insufficient operational efficiency of existing grape-harvesting robots, this study developed an automatic harvester for protected grapes based on machine vision. An average cutting-position localization algorithm utilizing cluster positional information, along with a corresponding control strategy for the harvesting execution system, was proposed. A grape cluster detection model was established using YOLOv5. Field experiments were conducted to determine the optimal operating parameters and to evaluate the harvesting performance systematically. The results showed that the detection model achieved an F1-score of 0.95 and a mean average precision (mAP) of 0.98, with a field recognition accuracy (Rr) of 95.35%. The harvester could position its cutting system while the chassis was moving forward, enabling continuous harvesting. The optimal performance was obtained at a forward speed of 1 km/h, yielding a harvesting success rate (Rh) of 91.68%, a damage rate (Rb) of 3.99%, and a picking efficiency (Re) of 0.91 s per cluster. This study provides an innovative solution for intelligent,efficient, and low-damage harvesting of protected grapes, offering a valuable reference for advancing mechanization in this field.
马帅,中国农业大学副教授,硕士生导师,清华大学博士后,主要从事林果(葡萄)生产管理机械化关键技术与智能装备、农业机器人技术等研究。目前主持国家级/省部级项目5项,包括国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目、中国博士后科学基金特别资助项目、江苏省卓越博士后计划资助项目和江苏省集萃博士人才项目,作为研究骨干参与国家级/省部级项目4项,在国内外知名学术期刊Computers and Electronics in Agriculture、Biosystems Engineering、Journal of Food Engineering、《农业工程学报》、《农业机械学报》等发表SCI/EI论文22篇,其中中国科学院一区TOP期刊7篇,EI论文13篇,获得授权发明专利10项,实用新型专利24项,获批软件著作权9项,参与制定发布团体标准8项。
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马帅,中国农业大学副教授,硕士生导师,清华大学博士后,主要从事林果(葡萄)生产管理机械化关键技术与智能装备、农业机器人技术等研究。目前主持国家级/省部级项目5项,包括国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目、中国博士后科学基金特别资助项目、江苏省卓越博士后计划资助项目和江苏省集萃博士人才项目,作为研究骨干参与国家级/省部级项目4项,在国内外知名学术期刊Computers and Electronics in Agriculture、Biosystems Engineering、Journal of Food Engineering、《农业工程学报》、《农业机械学报》等发表SCI/EI论文22篇,其中中国科学院一区TOP期刊7篇,EI论文13篇,获得授权发明专利10项,实用新型专利24项,获批软件著作权9项,参与制定发布团体标准8项。
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