为系统梳理中国西南地区农业碳排放研究的发展脉络与前沿趋势,比较中英文文献的研究差异及区域低碳转型重点,运用CiteSpace软件对2005—2025年中国知网(CNKI)数据库中的339篇相关中文文献、Web of Science和Scopus数据库中的330篇相关英文文献进行文献计量与可视化分析。结果表明:1)中文文献发文量在2005—2015年总体处于低位,2016年后在《巴黎协定》、“双碳”目标等农业绿色发展政策推动下增长并于2023年达到峰值65篇;英文文献总体呈持续上升趋势,2025年截至11月30日已达60篇。2)中英文文献高产作者与机构均主要分布于中国西南地区高校和科研院所,已形成多个围绕喀斯特生态、农田碳排放和温室气体调控等研究方向的研究团队,但合作网络整体仍较分散;相较于中文文献,英文文献作者合作网络连接程度更高,跨团队协作有所增强。3)中英文文献的研究热点存在差异,中文文献以“低碳农业”“碳中和”“土地利用变化”“碳汇”和“固碳潜力”等高频关键词为主,侧重区域碳排放、时空差异及低碳发展;英文文献则以“land use” “soil organic carbon”和“greenhouse gas emissions”等为高频关键词,更关注土地利用、土壤碳库及农田温室气体排放过程等田间微观机制。4)研究前沿呈现由早期的碳源/汇识别、土地利用变化和排放核算,逐步扩展到农田生态过程、减排措施及区域差异研究。近年来,“碳中和” “时空变化”“emission control” “spatial distribution”和“sustainability”等主题持续活跃,表明研究开始更多关注碳排放机制、减排效果及可持续性。综上,未来应加强机构协同创新,进一步关注中国西南地区特有地貌下的固碳潜力、农田生态系统减排技术及农业绿色转型的政策激励机制。
Abstract
To systematically review the development trajectory and emerging trends of agricultural carbon emissions research in Southwest China, and compare the differences between Chinese and English publications as well as regional priorities for low-carbon transition, this study employed CiteSpace software to conduct bibliometric and visualization analyses of 339 relevant Chinese-language publications indexed in the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and 330 relevant English-language publications indexed in the Web of Science and Scopus databases from 2005 to 2025. The results revealed that: 1) The volume of Chinese-language publications remained relatively low from 2005 to 2015, then increased substantially after 2016, driven by agricultural green development policies such as the Paris Agreement and China’s carbon peaking and carbon neutrality (“dual carbon”) goals, peaking at 65 publications in 2023. English-language publications exhibited a consistent upward trend, reaching 60 publications by November 30, 2025. 2) Highly productive authors and institutions were predominantly affiliated with universities and research institutes in Southwest China, with multiple research teams formed around themes including karst ecosystems, cropland carbon emissions, and greenhouse gas regulation. However, the overall collaboration network remained relatively dispersed. Compared with Chinese-language publications, English-language publications had a stronger and more interconnected co-authorship network and greater cross-team cooperation. 3) Research hotspots differed between Chinese and English publications. Chinese-language publications were characterized by high-frequency keywords such as low-carbon agriculture, carbon neutrality, land use change, carbon sink and carbon sequestration potential, with an emphasis on regional carbon emissions, spatiotemporal variations, and low-carbon development. English-language publications featured high-frequency keywords including land use, soil organic carbon and greenhouse gas emissions, the literature placed greater emphasis on field-scale processes and mechanisms such as land use, soil carbon pools, and cropland greenhouse gas emission processes. 4) Research frontiers have shifted from early-stage carbon source/sink identification, land use change, and emission accounting to cropland ecological processes, mitigation measures, and regional disparity studies. In recent years, themes including carbon neutrality, spatiotemporal variation, emission control, spatial distribution and sustainability have remained active, indicating increasing attention to carbon emission mechanisms, mitigation effectiveness, and sustainability. In conclusion, future research should strengthen institutional collaboration and foster innovation, with particular emphasis on carbon sequestration potential under the unique geomorphological conditions of Southwest China, emission-mitigation technologies for cropland ecosystems, and policy incentive mechanisms for agricultural green transformation.
现有农业碳排放研究已涉及排放核算、时空演变、驱动因素和减排路径等多个方面。王鹏飞等[8]基于中国知网(CNKI)和Web of Science(WOS)双数据库对全国农业碳排放研究进行了文献计量分析,归纳出当前的研究热点正逐步向探究经济发展与碳排放之间深层关联的方向转变。Huang等[9]从全国尺度分析了农业碳排放的时空演变与影响因素,指出排放重心呈现向中西部迁移的特征。Meng等[10]研究表明,农村数字化水平、农业技术进步及产业结构升级对我国西南地区农业碳排放强度具有显著影响,且排放重心近年来出现明显的空间迁移。
文献数据来源于CNKI、WOS和Scopus数据库。检索时间范围设为2005年1月1日—2025年11月30日。CNKI检索式为:主题=(“农业碳排放”或“农业碳中和”或“农业碳足迹”或“农业碳核算”或“农业碳汇”或“农业净碳汇”或“农业碳源汇”或“农业碳收支”或“农业碳源”或“农业碳吸收”或“农业减排”或“农业固碳”或“温室气体”)AND主题=(“西南”或“四川”或“云南”或“贵州”或“重庆”或“川渝”或“云贵”或“川南”或“喀斯特”);WOS检索式为:TS=((“agricultural carbon emission*” OR “agricultural carbon neutral*” OR “agricultural carbon footprint” OR “agricultural carbon accounting” OR “agricultural carbon sink” OR “agricultural net carbon sink” OR “agricultural carbon source” OR “agricultural carbon budget” OR “agricultural carbon uptake” OR “agricultural carbon absorption” OR “agricultural emission reduction” OR “agricultural carbon sequestration” OR ((“greenhouse gas*” OR “GHG”) AND (“agriculture” OR “farming”))) AND (“Southwest China” OR “Southwestern China” OR “Sichuan” OR “Yunnan” OR “Guizhou” OR “Chongqing” OR “Sichuan-Chongqing” OR “Yunnan-Guizhou” OR “Karst region”)) AND CU=China;Scopus检索式为:TITLE-ABS-KEY(((“agricultural carbon emission*” OR “agricultural carbon neutral*” OR “agricultural carbon footprint” OR “agricultural carbon accounting” OR “agricultural carbon sink” OR “agricultural net carbon sink” OR “agricultural carbon budget” OR “agricultural carbon source” OR “agricultural carbon uptake” OR “agricultural carbon absorption” OR “agricultural emission reduction” OR “agricultural carbon sequestration” OR ( “greenhouse gas*” OR “GHG” OR “carbon” OR “CO2”) W/5 (“agriculture*” OR “farm*” OR “crop*”)) AND (“Southwest China” OR “Southwestern China” OR “Sichuan” OR “Yunnan” OR “Guizhou” OR “Chongqing” OR “Sichuan-Chongqing” OR “Chuan-Yu” OR “Yunnan-Guizhou” OR “Yun-Gui” OR “Karst”)))。其中,“*”为通配符,用于匹配同一词根的不同词形;“W/5”为Scopus邻近算符,表示2个词组在相距5个词以内出现。文献类型保留期刊论文、综述、硕士和博士学位论文。经检索,共获得1 677条文献,依据题名、摘要和关键词剔除重复文献、非中国西南地区研究文献及与研究主题不相关文献后,最终获得文献共669篇,其中CNKI数据库中文文献339篇、WOS和Scopus数据库英文文献330篇。
中国西南地区农业碳排放研究发文量排名前10的机构见表3。CNKI数据库中,西南地区高校占据主导地位,其中西南大学发文量最高,达26篇;四川农业大学紧随其后,发文量达25篇;贵州师范大学(21篇)、贵州大学(14篇)和四川师范大学(12篇)等西南地区高校均有较高产出。WOS和Scopus数据库中,Sichuan Agricultural University(四川农业大学)发文59篇、中心性为0.10;Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(中国农业科学院)发文53篇、中心性为0.08;Southwest University(西南大学)发文45篇;Nanjing Agricultural University(南京农业大学)虽然发文量为13篇,但中心性(0.26)最高,在所有机构中协作影响力最强;中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所和中国农业大学的中心性分别为0.18和0.17。由此可见,西南地区高校是主要研究力量,同时南京农业大学、中国农业大学等西南地区以外的科研机构在合作网络中也具有较强的连接作用。
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