Accurately characterizing soil compaction responses during the rolling of agricultural herringbone tires remains challenging, and existing coupled models often lack adaptability to region-specific soil parameters. To address this issue, this study focused on sandy loam from the Yellow River Basin in Hohhot, Inner Mongolia. Key parameters of the Edinburgh elasto-plastic adhesion(EEPA) contact model were calibrated through angle-of-repose tests, and a multibody flexible dynamics-discrete element method coupled model for a 12.4 R24 herringbone-tread tire-sandy loam system was constructed and validated through soil-bin tests.The results showed that: 1) the calibrated discrete element parameter set was applicable to tire-soil interaction simulations in sandy loam, with a relative error of only 2.22% between the simulated and measured angles of repose; 2) the established bidirectional MFBD-DEM coupled model for the 12.4 R24 agricultural herringbone-tread tire-soil system produced simulation results consistent with the trends observed in the soil-bin tests, and could accurately characterize soil stress transmission and tire sinkage during tire rolling; 3) response regression analysis revealed that both the level (P<0.000 1), with coefficients of determination of 0.928 3 and 0.951 2, respectively; vertical load and pass number were identified as the dominant factors affecting compaction and sinkage; increased travel speed significantly mitigated the soil compaction effect, whereas elevated tire inflation pressure primarily intensified stress concentration in the shallow soil layer. These findings offer a basis for the optimization of agricultural tire tread parameters and the regulation of farmland soil compaction.
农用轮胎几何形状复杂,所接触的松散土壤具有大变形、破坏和运移的特征,使其作用机理研究面临诸多挑战。人字形轮胎花纹凸块显著,滚动时引发的轮胎-土壤接触行为及非均匀应力分布进一步增加了压实过程表征与分析的难度。传统土槽试验虽可直接获取土壤应力和轮胎沉陷等宏观量,但周期长、工况扩展困难,且难以观察颗粒尺度运动。离散元法(Discrete element method,DEM)能够描述土壤颗粒的接触、堆积和流动行为,多体动力学(Multibody dynamics,MBD)适于表征轮胎结构及其运动响应,二者耦合为轮胎-土壤互作研究提供了新的手段[4-5]。
本研究以内蒙古呼和浩特黄河流域砂壤土为对象,采用休止角试验和多阶段优化方法标定EEPA接触模型关键参数,在此基础上建立12.4 R24农用人字形轮胎-土壤、Multi-flexible-body dynamics-discrete element method(MFBD-DEM)双向耦合模型并加以验证,进而分析载荷、行驶速度、轮胎胎压和通过次数对土壤平均应力增量及轮胎沉陷量的影响,旨在为农用轮胎参数优化以及农田土壤压实调控提供依据。
轮胎沉陷量采用示踪块法测定。在轮胎行进路径上埋设与土壤密度相近的8 mm×8 mm×8 mm PVC立方体,以土槽测试段起点和侧壁基准线建立纵向、横向和高程坐标系;轮胎通过前后分别测量示踪块顶部中心点坐标,垂向坐标差值即为该测点沉陷量。每一工况沿轮胎行驶方向布置多个示踪块,剔除明显受扰动的异常点后取平均值作为轮胎沉陷量,如图3和图4所示。
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