In order to explore the impact and mechanism of full cost insurance policy on cultivated land grain orientation, this study treats the full cost insurance policy as a quasi-natural experiment. Based on county-level panel data of China from 2013 to 2023,this study uses multi-period difference-in-differences model for empirical analysis. The results show that: 1) The policy has a significant and robust effect on cultivated land grain orientation, which is still valid after a series of endogenous treatments and robustness tests. 2) Heterogeneity analysis shows that there are obvious spatial differences in policy effects, and the policy effects are more prominent in plains, high-risk zones, the economically developed east and the north. 3) The mechanism analysis shows that the policy of full cost insurance policy promotes the cultivated land grain orientation mainly through the expansion of agricultural management scale and the promotion of agricultural mechanization level, and is also positively regulated by local financial subsidies. This study provides empirical evidence for understanding the role of agricultural insurance policy in optimizing the allocation of cultivated land resources and ensuring food security, and provides reference for improving policy design and promoting differential implementation.
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