地震动转动分量获取方法对比与分析

Comparative analysis of methods for obtaining rotational components of ground motion

摘要

为便于研究地震动转动分量对结构的影响,对比分析了从平动分量中获取转动分量的三类主要方法:一是基于波动理论的频域-波动法和波动分解法;二是以地震仪记录差异为基础的谱-比(小波-阈值)法和波动-小波-阈值法;三是根据密集台阵记录的多点差分法。基于LSST台阵数据,对三种典型方式获取转动分量的时域和频域曲线进行对比:提取的转动分量在时域和频域内整体形式、幅值和分布近似,相互印证了求解的正确性。因各自物理成因导致曲线存在一定差别:密集台阵多点差分法因迭代、等效次数少,整体误差较小,但台阵数量限制其应用于一般性分析;波动-小波-阈值法虽存在处理波动阈值和波动分解导致的误差,但适用性较广且准确性满足分析要求;频域-波动法受视波速求解中的随机误差影响较大,适合波动理论数据充足且等效分析便利时采用。研究人员可根据上述评价和分析,结合实际情况选择合理方式模拟转动分量。

Abstract

To facilitate the study of the influence of seismic motion rotational components on structures, three main methods for obtaining rotational components from translational components were compared and analyzed: the first category includes the frequency-domain wave method and wave decomposition method based on wave theory; the second is the spectral ratio (wavelet threshold) method and the wave-wavelet-threshold method based on the differences recorded by seismometers; the third method is dense array multi-point difference method. Based on LSST array data, three typical methods were used to obtain the time history and frequency curves of the rotational components. The comparison showed that the extracted rotational components had similar overall form, amplitude, and distribution in both time and frequency domains, which mutually confirmed the correctness of the solution. Due to their physical causes, there are certain differences in the curves: the dense array multi-point difference method has fewer iterations and equivalent times, resulting in less overall error, but the number of arrays limits its use for general analysis; Although the wave-wavelet-threshold method has errors in processing wave thresholds and wave decomposition, it has a wide applicability and accuracy that meets the analysis requirements; The frequency-domain wave method is greatly affected by random errors in the solution of apparent wave velocity, and is suitable for use when there is sufficient wave data and equivalent analysis is convenient. Researchers can choose a reasonable way to simulate the rotational component based on the above evaluation and analysis, combined with actual situation.

关键词

地震动转动分量 / 频域-波动法 / 波动-小波-阈值法 / 密集台阵多点差分法

Key words

rotation component of ground motions / frequency-domain wave method / wave-wavelet-threshold (WWT) method / dense array multi-point difference method

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基金资助

国家自然科学基金资助项目(51678462)

湖北省教育厅科学研究计划指导项目(B2025270)

武昌工学院科研重点项目(2025KYZ06)

武昌工学院博士科研启动基金项目(2025BSJ01)