跨海桥梁抗震时程分析地震动选取研究

Ground motion selection method for seismic time-history analysis of sea-crossing bridges

摘要

对于跨海桥梁这类大跨度长周期结构,规范要求必须进行地震时程分析。地震动选取是时程分析结果不确定性的最重要因素之一,但目前对于跨海桥梁的选波研究仍缺乏理论依据,常以陆域地震动代替海底地震动输入。针对跨海桥梁的选波问题,建立跨海桥梁的海底、近岸,以及陆域软土场地地震动备选数据库。以规范设计谱为目标谱,选取海底、近岸和陆域强震记录,输入考虑桩-土-海水-跨海桥梁耦合的地震波动分析模型,对比各类地震动输入下桥梁结构的地震反应发现:海底地震动输入下结构地震反应的均值比输入陆域地震动情况高20%~30%,且离散性更低,因此简单地以陆域地震动代替海底地震动,会低估结构的地震反应。此外,近岸地震动输入下结构的反应均值与海底地震动相近,近岸记录可弥补海底实测强震记录不足,作为跨海桥梁地震选波工作中的补充数据库。

Abstract

The seismic time-history analysis must be conducted in long-span, long-period structures like cross-sea bridges under kinds of codes. The selection of ground motions is one of the most significant factors contributing to the uncertainty of time-history analysis results. However, research on ground motion selection for sea-crossing bridges currently lacks a solid theoretical basis, and onshore strong motion records are often used as a substitute for offshore strong motion records for input. This paper addresses the issue of ground motion selection for sea-crossing bridges by establishing a candidate database of ground motions recorded on offshore sites, nearshore sites, and onshore sites. Using the code-specified design spectrum as the target spectrum, selected offshore, nearshore, and onshore strong motion records were input into a seismic wave propagation analysis model that accounts for soil-pile-seawater-bridge interaction. A comparison of the structural seismic responses under these different inputs revealed that the mean structural seismic response under offshore strong motion inputs was 20%~30% higher than that under onshore strong motion inputs, with lower dispersion. Simply replacing offshore ground motions with onshore ones therefore leads to underestimation of the seismic response. Furthermore, the mean structural response under nearshore ground motion inputs was found to be similar to that under offshore inputs. Nearshore records can thus supplement the scarcity of actual offshore strong motion recordings and serve as a supporting database in the ground motion selection process for sea-crossing bridges.

关键词

跨海桥梁 / 时程分析 / 地震动选取 / 海底地震动 / 近岸地震动 / 陆域地震动

Key words

sea-crossing bridge / time-history analysis / ground motion selection / offshore ground motion / nearshore ground motion / land-based ground motion

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基金资助

国家自然科学基金地区项目(52268076)

国家自然科学基金地区项目(52468075)

江西省自然科学基金项目(20232BAB204086)

江西省自然科学基金项目(20224BAB214075)