ECC套管加固RC桥墩抗震性能试验与数值模拟研究

Experimental and numerical simulation study on seismic performance of RC bridge piers strengthened with ECC jackets

摘要

为探究工程水泥基复合材料套管对既有钢筋混凝土(reinforced concrete,RC)桥墩的抗震加固效果及其高度与厚度参数的影响机制,设计了4组1/5缩尺桥墩试件(包括1个未加固对照试件与3个设置剪力键的ECC套管加固试件),并开展了系统的低周往复加载试验。研究结果表明:ECC套管可显著改善桥墩的抗震性能。未加固试件在位移比达3.5%时发生混凝土压溃破坏,而加固试件的破坏位移比延迟至5.0%以上,展现出优异的延性。桥墩的侧向承载力、位移延性及耗能能力均显著提升,耗能增幅介于143.12%~188.17%之间。参数分析表明:增加套管厚度可有效提升试件的初始刚度与承载力。然而,套管高度在满足塑性铰区最小高度要求后,其增强效果则趋于有限。基于OpenSees建立的纤维单元数值模型成功模拟了试件的非线性响应,验证了模型的可靠性。本研究确认,ECC套管是一种高效的抗震加固技术,在工程应用中应重点优化套管厚度的设计。研究结果为该技术的工程推广提供了坚实的试验依据与数值分析支持。

Abstract

To investigate the strengthening effect of engineered cementitious composites (ECC) jackets on the seismic performance of existing reinforced concrete (RC) bridge piers and to clarify the influence mechanism of the jacket height and thickness parameters, this study designed four groups of 1/5-scale pier specimens (including one unstrengthened control specimen and three ECC jacket-strengthened specimens with shear keys) and conducted systematic low-cycle reversed cyclic loading tests. The research results indicate that ECC jackets can significantly improve the seismic performance of the piers. The unstrengthened specimen experienced concrete crushing failure at a displacement ratio of 3.5%, whereas the failure displacement ratio of the strengthened specimens was extended beyond 5.0%, demonstrating excellent ductility. The lateral bearing capacity, displacement ductility, and energy dissipation capacity of the strengthened piers were significantly enhanced, with the energy dissipation increase ranging between 143.12% and 188.17%. Parameter analysis revealed that increasing the jacket thickness effectively enhances the initial stiffness and bearing capacity of the specimens; however, after the jacket height meets the minimum requirement for the plastic hinge zone height, its enhancing effect becomes limited. A fiber element numerical model established based on OpenSees successfully simulated the nonlinear response of the specimens, verifying the model’s reliability. This study confirms that the ECC jacket is an efficient seismic strengthening technology, and priority should be given to optimizing the jacket thickness in engineering applications. Research results provide a solid experimental basis and numerical analysis support for the engineering promotion of this technology.

关键词

工程水泥基复合材料 / RC桥墩 / 抗震加固 / 拟静力试验 / 数值模拟

Key words

engineering cementitious composites / RC bridge pier / seismic retrofit / pseudo-static test / numerical simulation

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基金资助

国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFB2604400)