PPARγ在神经系统发育及相关疾病中的研究进展

Research Progress of PPARγ in Nervous System Development and Related Diseases

摘要

过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, PPARγ)作为配体依赖型核内转录因子, 是经典的脂代谢调控因子, 参与机体脂肪生成、葡萄糖代谢、血管生成和炎症发生等多种生物过程。除了在脂肪酸代谢活跃部位高水平表达, PPARγ在神经系统也大量存在, 近年来越来越多的研究开始关注PPARγ在神经系统中扮演的角色。本文综述了PPARγ在神经系统发育及相关疾病发生发展中的重要作用: PPARγ通过调控机体炎症反应因子参与神经系统炎症过程; 在中枢神经系统或周围神经系统发生外因损伤时, PPARγ通过抑炎或促进再生表现出神经保护功能; 在帕金森病、阿尔茨海默病等神经退行性疾病中, 调控PPARγ的表达可以起到延缓病程或临床治疗的效果; 在视网膜病变中, PPARγ可以通过保护视网膜神经节细胞起到缓解作用。这些总结工作可以为PPARγ在神经系统发育和相关疾病进程中的调控机制研究及配体类药物开发提供参考资料。

Abstract

As a ligand-dependent endogenous transcription factor, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) is a classic lipid metabolism regulator. It is involved in many biological processes such as adipogenesis, glucose metabolism, angiogenesis and inflammation. PPARγ is highly expressed in active fatty acid metabolism sites, and is also abundant in the nervous system. In recent years, more and more studies have focused on its roles in the nervous system. This paper reviews the important roles of PPARγ in the de-velopment of nervous system and related diseases, including participating in the inflammatory process of ner-vous system by regulating inflammatory response factors, neuroprotective function by inhibiting inflammation or promoting regeneration when external injury occurs in the central or peripheral nervous system, delaying the course of disease or playing clinical treatment effect by regulating the expression of PPARγ in neurode-generative diseases such as Parkinson’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease, and protecting retinal ganglion cells to slow down retinopathy. The review aims to provide information for exploring the regulatory mecha-nism of PPARγ in the development of nervous system and related diseases, and for developing ligand drugs.

关键词

过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ (PPARγ) / 神经系统 / 炎症 / 配体 / 神经退行性疾病

Key words

peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) / nervous system / inflammation / ligand / neurodegenerative disease