非人灵长类动物精子冻存技术的研究进展

Research Advances in Cryopreservation of Non-human Primate Sperm

摘要

随着生物医学技术的发展, 应用非人灵长类动物模型进行基础科学研究日益广泛。与此同时, 由于栖息地破坏、狩猎和基因隔离, 许多非人灵长类动物濒临灭绝。因此, 改进非人灵长类动物精子冻存技术对物种遗传资源的保藏具有重要的意义。本文概述了非人灵长类动物的精液特征, 介绍了精液液化和冷冻精子质量评估的方法, 分析了冷冻保护剂、冷冻稀释液及冷冻方法等因素对精子冻存效果的影响, 总结了目前非人灵长类精子冷冻常用的冷冻保存液和冷冻方法, 并对相关精子参数进行了比较, 同时探讨了非人灵长类动物精子冻存研究面临的困境, 并提出了可行的方案。总之, 本文综述了近年来非人灵长类动物精子冻存的重要研究成果, 对开发新的冷冻保护剂及改进冷冻技术具有一定的参考价值。

Abstract

With the development of biomedical technology, non-human primate (NHP) models become increa-singly widely used in basic scientific research. Meanwhile, many NHP species are on the verge of extinction due to habitat destruction, hunting and genetic isolation. Thus, it is important to improve the sperm cryop-reservation technology to conserve the genetic resources. This review mainly described the characteristics of NHP semen, introduced the methods of semen liquefaction and quality evaluation, and analyzed the effects of cryoprotectants, extenders and freezing methods on sperm cryopreservation. It also compared the relevant sperm parameters, discussed the puzzles and difficulties in sperm cryopreservation research, and proposed some feasible solutions. In conclusion, this paper reviewed the important research results of NHP sperm cryop-reservation in recent years, which may have certain reference value for development of NHP sperm cryopro-tectants and cryopreservation technology.

关键词

非人灵长类动物 / 精液液化 / 精子冻存 / 冷冻保护剂 / 冷冻稀释液

Key words

non-human primate / semen liquefaction / sperm cryopreservation / cryoprotectant / extender