骆驼低温保存胚胎种间移植技术的应用

Application of Interspecific Transfer Technique for Cryopreserved Camel Embryos

摘要

通过低温保存的方式, 将保存35 h的高产奶量单峰驼胚胎进行种间移植, 使高寒地区低产奶量的双峰母驼生产单峰驼羔。选取15头单峰驼供体, 在其交配后8 d共收集114枚胚胎, 其中83枚用于检测低温保存液对胚胎的影响, 31枚经35 h运输抵达受体双峰驼所在的驼场, 进行种间移植。结果显示, 低温保存24 h组的胚胎在体外培养24 h、48 h和72 h后, 其存活率(依次为75%、68%和64%)与对照组(依次为88%、80%和80%)相比均无显著差异(P＞0.05); 低温保存48 h组的胚胎在体外培养24 h、48 h和72 h后, 其存活率(依次为67%、60%和57%)均显著低于对照组(P＜0.05), 但与低温保存24 h组相比均无显著差异(P＞0.05); 胚胎移植后的第1个月, 4头受体怀孕(4/9, 44%), 其中2头受体分别在妊娠第382天和第389天顺利产下1头健康的公驼羔(2/9, 22%)。以上结果表明, 低温保存35 h的单峰驼胚胎可以移植到双峰驼体内并进行孕育生产。本次骆驼种间胚胎移植的成功为将高产奶单峰驼从原本干燥炎热的栖息地引入世界其他不同气候地区提供了参考。

Abstract

Through cryopreservation, 35 h-stored embryos of high-milk yield dromedary camels, were trans-planted into bactrian camels, which have lower milk yield and are adapted to cold areas, to breed dromedary lambs. A group of 15 dromedary camels were selected as embryo donors, and within 8 days after mating, a total of 114 embryos were collected. Of these embryos, 83 were subjected to testing the efficacy of low-tem-perature preservation, while the rest 31 were transported for 35 hours to a camel field for subsequent trans-plantation with recipient bactrian camels. The results showed that, after cultured in vitro for 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h, there was no statistically significant difference (P>0.05) in survival rates between the 24 h-cryopreser-ved embryos (75%, 68%, and 64%, respectively) and the control embryos (88%, 80%, and 80%, respectively). However, survival rates of 48 h-cryopreserved embryos (67%, 60%, and 57%, respectively) were significantly lower (P<0.05) than those of the control embryos after cultured in vitro for 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h, but had no significant difference (P>0.05) compared with those of 24 h-cryopreserved embryos. Within the first month after embryo transplantation, 4 recipient bactrian camels became pregnant (4/9, 44%), and 2 of them success-fully gave birth to healthy male camel offspring on days 382 and 389, respectively, after pregnancy (2/9, 22%). The results demonstrated that 35 h-cryopreserved embryos of dromedary camels can be transplanted into bactrian camels for breeding and production. The successful interspecies embryo transplantation offers refe-rences to introduce highly productive dromedary camels from their arid and hot native habitats to other parts of the world with different climates.

关键词

单峰驼 / 双峰驼 / 低温保存 / 种间胚胎移植

Key words

dromedary camel / bactrian camel / low-temperature preservation / interspecies embryo transfer