特殊进盐工况下高温熔盐储热罐的动态热-机械性能研究
Dynamic Thermal-Mechanical Property of High Temperature Molten Salt Storage Tank under Special Filling Conditions
目的 长时储热型高温熔盐储罐在运行过程中易产生失效泄漏现象。 方法 本文基于有限容积法和有限元法建立综合考虑复杂耦合换热与液位波动变化等因素的热-力耦合数值模型,并进行可靠性验证,探究首次进盐与低温进盐两种特殊工况下储罐热与机械性能的动态变化规律。 结果 结果显示:两种进盐工况下罐壁面整体温度分布极不均匀,进盐过程中沿罐高方向温度梯度均呈先增大后趋于稳定的趋势,且均超过设计允许值,建议提高罐体预热温度、降低进盐温度(首次进盐工况)或设置辅助电极熔盐加热炉(低温进盐工况)以改善罐体温度均匀性;罐体峰值应力受壁面温差影响显著,进盐过程中应力水平逐渐降低,但两种工况下的角焊缝位置仍存在3.6~4.5 h的塑性损伤现象,为降低罐体峰值应力水平,建议在壁板与底板连接区域添加耐高温型隔热材料以降低壁面温差,进而提高罐体安全性能。
Purposes This research is conducted to address the molten salt leakage phenomenon in the high temperature storage tank during operation. Methods A coupled thermal-mechanical numerical model based on finite volume method and finite element method was developed and validated with considering of the complex coupling heat transfer and liquid level fluctuation, and the dynamic thermal and mechanical properties of storage tank under two special conditions of first filling and low-temperature filling were numerically studied. Results The results show that a non-uniform temperature distribution occurs on tank wall, and the temperature gradient along height direction exceeds the allowable value and shows a sharp rise then stabilization tendency. To improve the temperature uniformity of tank wall, the methods of increasing the preheating temperature, reducing the salt filling temperature (first filling condition),or setting the auxiliary electrode salt heating furnace (low-temperature filling condition) are suggested in operations. The peak stress of storage tank is significantly affected by the temperature difference between wallboard and baseplate, which gradually decreases during filling process. However, 3.6~4.5 h of plastic damage phenomena still exist on fillet weld with the adopted special filling conditions. In order to reduce the peak stress level of storage tank, it is suggested that thermal insulating materials should be added in the connection area between wallboard and baseplate to reduce temperature difference and improve safety performance.
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国家自然科学基金资助项目(51906172)
山西省科技合作交流专项项目(202104041101027)
山西省科技创新重点人才团队项目(202304051001011)
山西省基础研究计划资助项目(202303021221021)
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