重介中煤再磨解离浮选效果及机理研究
Effect and Mechanism of Regrinding Dissociation Flotation of Dense Middling Coal
目的 中煤夹矸现象严重,煤与其他脉石矿物的嵌布粒度较细,影响浮选精煤灰分,极难回收利用。基于此,本文旨在通过超细磨矿预处理将中煤充分解离,同时在浮选过程中加入分散剂来减弱浮选过程中超细颗粒的团聚现象,协同提升浮选效果。 方法 对比了不同磨矿时间以及木质素、羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC-Na)、六偏磷酸钠(SHMP)预处理下的浮选效果,并从宏观及介观层次对浮选机制进行了分析。 结果 宏观实验结果表明磨矿后烷基链等疏水官能团外露致使煤样表面解离出更多新鲜的炭质表面,最终导致疏水性增强。同时羧基(—COOH)、羟基(—OH)等极性官能团暴露,在水中发生电离,增强了煤表面的负电性,减弱了中煤夹矸以及细泥罩盖现象。介观表征揭示了木质素在煤样表面几乎不发生吸附。此外,CMC-Na的主体为碳链,碳链部分容易与碳质表面产生疏水键合作用,使得其侧链—OH结构暴露在表面,固CMC-Na改性后的煤样亲水性有所增强。SHMP的环状结构可能与芳香环产生p-π堆叠作用,使得SHMP药剂部分的含氧官能团暴露在表面,使中煤负电性显著增强,通过静电排斥作用将煤样大幅度分散,降低碳质与脉石矿物的团聚概率,增强浮选分离效果。最终结果表明SHMP效果最佳。 结论 药剂对浮选效果的影响分为两种因素:药剂吸附改善润湿性以及静电排斥作用下的分散性,分散性占据主导因素,较吸附改善润湿性效果更好。本研究希望为中煤浮选提供新的思路。
Purposes Middling coal has serious dirt band, and the embedded particle sizes of coal and other gangue minerals are fine, which affects the ash content of flotation clean coal and is extremely difficult to recycle. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to fully dissociate the middling coal through superfine grinding pretreatment. At the same time, dispersant is added in the flotation process to weaken the agglomeration of ultrafine particles in the flotation process and improve the flotation effect together. Methods The flotation effects with different grinding times and pretreatment with lignin, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-Na), and sodium hexametaphosphate (SHMP) were compared, and the flotation mechanism at the macro and meso levels was analyzed. Results The results of the macroscopic experiments show that the exposure of hydrophobic functional groups such as alkyl chains after grinding results in the dissociation of more fresh carbonaceous surfaces of coal samples, which ultimately leads to the enhancement of hydrophobicity. At the same time, polar functional groups such as carboxyl (—COOH) and hydroxyl (—OH) are exposed and ionized in the water, which enhances the negative electrification of coal surface, and weakens the phenomenon of intermediate coal entrapment as well as fine mud capping. Mesoscopic characterization reveals that lignin adsorption hardly occurs on the surface of coal samples. In addition, the mojor composiation of CMC-Na is the carbon chain that is easy to produce hydrophobic bonding cooperation with the carbonaceous surface, making its side chain —OH structure be exposed on the surface, and the hydrophilicity of the solid CMC-Na modified coal samples is enhanced. The cyclic structure of SHMP may produce p-π stacking interaction with the aromatic ring, so that the oxygen-containing functional groups of the SHMP agent part are exposed on the surface, and the negative electronegativity of the modified middling coal is significantly enhanced, which disperses the coal samples greatly through electrostatic repulsion, reduces the probability of agglomeration of carbonaceous and chalcopyrite minerals, and enhances the flotation separation effect. The final results show that SHMP has the best effect. Conclusions The results show that the effects of chemicals on flotation effect can be divided into two types—adsorption of chemicals to improve wettability and dispersion by electrostatic repulsion, and the dispersion occupies the dominant factor, which improves wettability better. This study hopes to provide a new idea for the flotation of middling coal.
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国家自然科学基金资助项目(51820105006)
国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFC2907702)
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