1.College of Chemical Engineering and Technology,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan,Shanxi,China
2.Shanxi Zhibo Environmental Chemical Engineering Co. ,Ltd,Taiyuan,Shanxi,China
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文章历史+
Received
Published
2024-05-15
2026-09-15
Issue Date
2026-11-13
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摘要
目的 分子动力学模拟是研究纤维玻璃组成-结构的有效手段,干福熹法是用于研究纤维玻璃组成-性能的有效方法,本文将两种方法相结合,研究纤维玻璃组成-结构-性能。 方法 首先采用干福熹法对SiO2-Al2O3-Na2O系纤维玻璃弹性模量及密度进行计算,然后利用分子动力学模拟方法从键长、配位数、桥氧分布及聚合度等方面对组分影响弹性模量的机理进行研究。 结果 结果表明,SiO2-Al2O3-Na2O体系的弹性模量随Na2O含量或m(Si)/m(Al)增加而降低;在控制m(Si)/m(Al)不变时,Na+场强和玻璃结构对弹性模量的影响起主要作用;此外,在控制Na2O含量不变时,分析结果表明Al n 占比和Si—O—Al结构占比增大可以提高弹性模量。
Abstract
Purposes Molecular dynamics simulation is an effective means to study the composition-structure of fiber glass, and the Gan Fuxi method is an effective method used to study the composition-properties of fiber glass. In this paper, the two methods are combined to study fiber glass composition-structure-properties. Methods Elastic modulus and density of fiber glass of SiO2-Al2O3-Na2O system were calculated by using the Gan Fuxi method, and then the mechanism of components affecting elastic modulus was investigated in terms of bond length, coordination number, bridge oxygen distribution, and degree of polymerization by using molecular dynamics simulation. Results The results show that the elastic modulus of the SiO2-Al2O3-Na2O system decreases with increasing Na2O content or m(Si)/m(Al). The effects of Na+ field strength and glass structure on the elastic modulus play a major role when controlling for constant m(Si)/m(Al). In addition, when the Na2O content is controlled to be constant, the analyses show that the modulus of elasticity can be improved by increasing the percentage of Al n and the percentage of Si—O—Al structure.
利用公式(6)求得了Si和Al的平均配位数,见图9,其中图9(a)为Si的平均配位数图、图9(b)为Al的平均配位数图。由图9可知,在所研究的体系内,可见,在SiO2-Al2O3-Na2O系玻璃结构中Si基本以四配位为主,即以四面体形式存在;对于Al而言,存在Al n 结构且随Na2O含量增加而增加,随m(Si)/m(Al)增加而降低。此外,根据图9可知,在控制某条件不变的情况下,Si、Al平均配位数随m(Si)/m(Al)变化的波动范围小于Si、Al平均配位数随Na2O含量变化的波动范围,可见在SiO2-Al2O3-Na2O系纤维玻璃中,Na2O含量对配位数的影响大于m(Si)/m(Al)对配位数的影响。
Q n 分布为玻璃网络结构中四面体分布情况,n代表四面体中桥氧的数量,Q n 分布可以反映网络结构的聚合度。图12为四面体类型图,其中BO代表桥氧、NBO代表非桥氧、T代表形成四面体结构的阳离子(Si、Al等)、M代表网络外体阳离子。没有桥氧的四面体称为Q0,即图12(a);有一个桥氧的四面体称为Q1,即图12(b);有两个桥氧的四面体称为Q2,即图12(d);有三个桥氧的四面体称为Q3,即图 12(e);有四个桥氧的四面体称为Q4,即图12(c)。
基于SiO2-Al2O3-Na2O系纤维玻璃分子结构,统计了四种四面体数量并计算了四种四面体在总四面体中的占比,图13为m(Si)/m(Al)不变条件下的Q n 分布图,其中图13(a—f)分别代表m(Si)/m(Al)为2、2.5、3、3.5、4、4.5时的Q n 分布图。研究表明,结构中基本不存在Q1;在相同m(Si)/m(Al)条件下,随Na2O含量增加Q4呈现降低趋势、Q3呈现上升趋势,说明网络结构被破坏,结构连接程度降低,聚合度降低。当Na2O含量大于15%或20%时,结构中Q4骤降Q3骤增,说明结构连接程度骤降。当Na2O含量大于20%时,结构中开始出现Q2,说明此时结构的破坏程度更高、连接程度更低。
图14为Na2O含量不变条件下Q n 分布图,其中图14(a—f)分别代表Na2O含量为5%、10%、15%、20%、25%、30%时的Q n 分布图。研究表明,各类四面体变化并不明显,可见m(Si)/m(Al)对SiO2-Al2O3-Na2O系纤维玻璃Q n 分布的影响较小。但呈现出随Si/Al增加Q4降低、Q3增加,说明结构聚合度降低。这种情况的产生与NBO的情况相识,当m(Si)/m(Al)增加时,Al2O3含量降低,游离氧相对较多,部分游离氧起断网作用,导致Q4降低、Q3增加,结构聚合度降低。
综上所述,Na2O含量或m(Si)/m(Al)增加会导致结构中Q4占比降低,Q3和Q2占比增加,使结构连接程度降低,聚合度降低。而且通过Q n 变化图可知,Na2O含量对结构的影响大于m(Si)/m(Al)对结构的影响,即Na2O含量对聚合度的影响大于m(Si)/m(Al)对聚合度的影响。这些结果与非桥氧分析的结果一致。
3 结论
利用分子动力学模拟研究了SiO2-Al2O3-Na2O系纤维玻璃结构,得出如下结论:
1)在SiO2-Al2O3- Na2O系纤维玻璃结构中,在控制m(Si)/m(Al)不变或Na2O含量不变的条件下,随Na2O含量或m(Si)/m(Al)增加Si和O之间及Al和O之间的结合力增强;Si的平均配位数基本在4~4.15之间,Al的平均配位数范围为4~4.4,结构中存在较多的Al n,同时随Na2O含量增加Al n 增多,随m(Si)/m(Al)增加Al n 基本呈现降低趋势;Na2O含量或m(Si)/m(Al)增加均会使网络结构连接程度降低,但Na2O的引入有利于Si—O—Al结构的形成;为了确保结构的完整性,Na2O含量不宜大于15%或20%。
2)利用干福熹法研究了SiO2-Al2O3-Na2O系纤维玻璃弹性模量,结果表明弹性模量随Na2O含量或m(Si)/m(Al)增加而降低。表明在SiO2-Al2O3- Na2O系纤维玻璃中Na+的场强和结构的连接程度对弹性模量影响起主要作用。但Na2O含量相同的条件下,弹性模量随m(Si)/m(Al)的变化可以说明Al n 和Si—O—Al结构的形成有利于增加弹性模量。
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