College of Mining Engineering,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan,Shanxi,China
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文章历史+
Received
Published
2024-05-25
2026-05-15
Issue Date
2026-06-11
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摘要
目的 农作物物候是农作物为适应周围变化而形成的一种生长发育规律,利用遥感手段对其进行长时间序列的监测,获取华北平原耕地农作物种植制度和关键物候期的空间分布情况及变化特征,对于更好地理解和模拟农业生态系统的变化特征具有重要意义。 方法 基于2001—2021年的Global LAnd Surface Satellite(GLASS)叶面指数(LAI)时间序列产品数据,首先采用Savizky-Golay(S-G)滤波法对LAI数据进行重构,依据重构的LAI数据采用二次差分法对耕种制度进行判别,然后将提取的物候数据掩膜,分别得到一年一熟制和一年两熟制地区农作物物候参数,最后对其时空分布特征进行分析。 结果 结果表明,2001—2021年研究区以一年两熟制耕种制度为主,具有纬度越低种植制度越复杂的空间分布特征。研究区北部农作物以一年一熟制为主,南部以一年两熟制为主,中部为一年一熟制和一年两熟制的混合区。从时间维度来看,21年间北部地区农作物关键物候期变化不大,中部和南部以一年两熟制为主的地区变化较大。从空间分布特征来看,一年一熟制地区农作物出苗期从北向南逐渐推迟,抽穗期呈现出中部地区较迟、北部和南部地区较早的趋势,成熟期呈现从北向南逐渐提前的趋势,差异约在10~30天。一年两熟制地区农作物关键物候期空间分布特征大都呈现出南部早、北部迟,西南部早、东南部迟的趋势,差异约在10~40天。研究区内农作物关键物候期时空分布变化特征受到纬度、气候、种植制度及自然资源等因素的共同影响。
Abstract
Purposes Crop phenology is a kind of growth and development law formed by crops to adapt to changes around them. With remote sensing methods to monitor crop phenology for a long time series, the spatial distribution and variation characteristics of crop planting system and key phenological periods in cultivated land in the North China Plain can be obtained, which is of great significance for better understanding and simulating the variation characteristics of agricultural ecosystems. Methods This research was carried out on the basis of the 8-day time series data of Leaf area index (LAI) of Global LAnd Surface Satellite (GLASS) from 2001 to 2021. First, the Savizky-Golay (S-G) filtering method was used to reconstruct LAI data, and the farming system was distinguished by the quadratic difference method according to the reconstructed LAI data. Then, the extracted phenological data mask was used to obtain crop phenological parameters in regions with one cropping system and two cropping system. Finally, the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics were analyzed. Results The results show that from 2001 to 2021, the research area was dominated by two cropping systems a year, and the lower the latitude, the more complex the cropping system was. The crops in the northern part of the study area were mainly one cropping a year, those in the southern part were mainly two cropping a year, and those in the central part were a mix of one cropping a year and two cropping a year. From the perspective of time, the key phenological periods of crops in northern China have not changed much in the past 21 years, while those in central and southern China with two crops a year have changed a lot. From the perspective of spatial and temporal distribution characteristics, the seedling stage of crops in the one-ripening area is gradually delayed from north to south, the heading stage is later in the central area, and that of the northern and southern areas are earlier, and the maturity stage is gradually advanced from north to south, with a difference of about 10 to 30 days. The spatial distribution characteristics of the key phenological stages of crop in the two-cropping area showed the trend of early in the south, late in the north, early in the southwest, and late in the southeast, and the difference was about 10~40 days. The temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of key phenological periods of crops in the study area are influenced by latitude, climate, planting system, and natural resources.
本文使用2001—2021年Global LAnd Surface Satellite(GLASS)(http://www.glass.umd.edu/Download.html)叶面指数(LAI)产品提取耕地、耕地种植制度和耕地农作物物候期。利用2001—2019年冬小麦和夏玉米的农作物物候数据[18]对农作物物候提取结果进行验证。
利用图6的种植制度分布提取结果,根据公式(5)计算复种指数,并进行统计得到图7。从整体结果来看,一年两熟制耕地面积明显大于一年一熟制耕地面积,研究区一年两熟制平均耕地面积是一年一熟制平均耕地面积的3.58倍。具体来看,复种指数呈现出先减少后增加的趋势,2001—2004年复种指数从1.82减少至1.72,2004—2021年复种指数从1.72增加恢复至1.82,与ZHAO et al[13]文章中相同年份计算结果整体趋势一致,但本文的计算结果均高于其计算结果。分析发现,虽采用相同的数据源,但计算复种指数的方法和研究区稍有不同,造成结果的差异。
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