150 MW循环流化床锅炉低床压运行优化研究
王虎 , 张东旺 , 贵司 , 辛胜伟 , 郭前鑫 , 胡南 , 杨海瑞
太原理工大学学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (4) : 863 -869.
150 MW循环流化床锅炉低床压运行优化研究
Operation Optimization of 150 MW Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler at Low Bed Pressure
目的 以某150 MW CFB锅炉的运行优化为背景,介绍了该锅炉的运行情况、优化方案,以及优化后的测试结果。 方法 借鉴流态重构的设计理念,尝试在低床压下运行优化该锅炉,通过降低无效床存量,以达到和流态重构类似的效果。为验证该想法的正确性,对优化后锅炉在两种工况下的运行情况进行测试。 结果 通过测试底渣与床料的含碳量,发现底渣含碳量为1.75%,表明运行优化使得含碳量降低和锅炉热效率升高;而床料的含碳量随粒径的增加呈先降低后升高的趋势,在100 μm处存在最小值。通过测量底渣与床料的粒径分布,发现炉膛物料粒度随高度增加而减小,随负荷增加而增加,表明运行优化后床料粒径减小,有效缓解了磨损。从炉膛径向温度分布看,运行优化后水冷壁附近的边界层内具有较高的温度梯度,而边界层外温度分布均匀,表明运行优化后锅炉运行稳定,有效减少局部超温导致的氮氧化物生成。运行优化后的锅炉可以安全稳定运行,且电耗低、效率高、磨损减轻。
Purposes Focusing on the operation optimization of a 150 MW CFB boiler, in this paper, the operation, the specific operation optimization scheme, and the test results after operation optimization of the boiler are introduced in detail. Methods Drawing on the design concept of fluidization pattern reconstruction, the boiler is optimized to run under low bed pressure, and the effect similar to fluidization pattern reconstruction was achieved by reducing the amount of invalid bed material. In order to verify the correctness of the idea, the operations of the optimized boiler under two working conditions were tested. Results By testing the carbon contents of the bottom slag and the bed material, the carbon content of the bottom slag is 1.75%, indicating the operation optimization leads to the reduction of the carbon content and the increase of the boiler thermal efficiency. The carbon content of the bed material decreases first and then increases with the increase of particle size, and there is a minimum value at 100 μm. By measuring the particle size distributions of bottom slag and bed material, it is found that the particle size of furnace material decreases with the increase of height and increases with the increase of load. After operation optimization, the particle size of the bed material is reduced, which effectively alleviates the wear. From the radial temperature distribution of the furnace, there is a high temperature gradient in the boundary layer near the water wall after optimized operation, while the temperature distribution outside the boundary layer is uniform, which indicates that the boiler runs stably after optimized operation and effectively reduces the generation of nitrogen oxides caused by local overtemperature. It shows that the optimized boiler can run safely and stably, with low power consumption, high efficiency, and less wear.
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吉林省科技发展计划项目(20240304088SF)
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