Purposes The electric vehicle (EV) charging stations within distribution networks are predominantly of single-phase loads. The widespread and random connection of EVs exacerbates issues related to split-phase voltage quality within the distribution grid. Aiming at the problem of massive disordered access of EVs, a two-layer electric vehicle charging guidance strategy based on parrot optimization algorithm and split-phase voltage quality is proposed. Split-phase voltage harmonics, split-phase voltage deviation, and three-phase voltage imbalance within the distribution network are included as objectives in the model. Methods In the inner layer, an improved parrot optimization algorithm was used. Simultaneously, in the outer layer, a split-phase harmonic current algorithm based on the forward-back generation method was constructed. This algorithm substitutes the optimized grid-connected power obtained in the inner layer to achieve the optimal split-phase voltage quality after the grid connection of EVs. Results Example results demonstrate that the proposed EV charging strategy is effective in ameliorating three-phase voltage imbalance, split-phase voltage deviation, and split-phase harmonic voltage issues within the distribution network. Additionally, it enhances the utilization of new energy and the overall energy efficiency of distribution network operations.
三相不平衡潮流计算是得到电压质量指标的基础,在每一时刻电动汽车充电并网时,均需通过三相潮流计算得到电压质量数据。根据第1节中建立的电动汽车负荷和风电出力模型,采用蒙特卡洛法模拟(Monte Carlo Simulation, MCS)得到日电动汽车负荷和风电出力,在确定系统基础参数和约束条件后通过外层三相潮流,计算电动汽车接入时的配电网电压质量,然后传递到内层结合目标函数,由PO算法求解得到不同充电策略,并返回到外层计算对各电压质量的改善情况,最终由隶属度函数得到最优分相充电策略。双层算法流程如图3所示。
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